Small RNAs as Guardians of the Genome
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TLDR
The conserved roles played by small RNAs in the adaptation of eukaryotes to coexist with their genomic colonists are reviewed.About:
This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 2009-02-20 and is currently open access. It has received 812 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Transposons as a genetic tool & Retrotransposon.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,Le Cong,F. Ann Ran,F. Ann Ran,David M. Cox,David M. Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +15 more
TL;DR: The type II prokaryotic CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas adaptive immune system has been shown to facilitate RNA-guided site-specific DNA cleavage as discussed by the authors.
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,F. A. Ran,David Benjamin Turitz Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +10 more
TL;DR: Two different type II CRISPR/Cas systems are engineered and it is demonstrated that Cas9 nucleases can be directed by short RNAs to induce precise cleavage at endogenous genomic loci in human and mouse cells, demonstrating easy programmability and wide applicability of the RNA-guided nuclease technology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Establishing, maintaining and modifying DNA methylation patterns in plants and animals
Julie A. Law,Steven E. Jacobsen +1 more
TL;DR: Drawing on insights from both plants and animals should deepen the understanding of the regulation and biological significance of DNA methylation.
Journal ArticleDOI
CRISPR RNA maturation by trans -encoded small RNA and host factor RNase III
Elitza Deltcheva,Krzysztof Chylinski,Krzysztof Chylinski,Cynthia M. Sharma,Karine Gonzales,Yanjie Chao,Zaid Ahmed Pirzada,Maria R. Eckert,Jörg Vogel,Emmanuelle Charpentier,Emmanuelle Charpentier +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, tracrRNA, a trans-encoded small RNA with 24-nucleotide complementarity to the repeat regions of crRNA precursor transcripts, is shown to direct the maturation of crRNAs by the activities of the widely conserved endogenous RNase III and the CRISPR-associated Csn1 protein.
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PIWI-interacting small RNAs: the vanguard of genome defence.
TL;DR: Owing to their limited expression in gonads and their sequence diversity, piRNAs have been the most mysterious class of small non-coding RNAs regulating RNA silencing, but much progress is being made into the understanding of their biogenesis and molecular functions, including the specific subcellular compartmentalization of the piRNA pathway in granular cytoplasmic bodies.
References
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Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans
Andrew Fire,SiQun Xu,Mary K. Montgomery,Steven A. Kostas,Steven A. Kostas,Samuel E. Driver,Craig C. Mello +6 more
TL;DR: To their surprise, it was found that double-stranded RNA was substantially more effective at producing interference than was either strand individually, arguing against stochiometric interference with endogenous mRNA and suggesting that there could be a catalytic or amplification component in the interference process.
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Role for a bidentate ribonuclease in the initiation step of RNA interference
TL;DR: Dicer is a member of the RNase III family of nucleases that specifically cleave double-stranded RNAs, and is evolutionarily conserved in worms, flies, plants, fungi and mammals, and has a distinctive structure, which includes a helicase domain and dualRNase III motifs.
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An RNA-directed nuclease mediates post-transcriptional gene silencing in Drosophila cells
TL;DR: It is shown that ‘loss-of-function’ phenotypes can be created in cultured Drosophila cells by transfection with specific double-stranded RNAs, which coincides with a marked reduction in the level of cognate cellular messenger RNAs.
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RNAi: Double-Stranded RNA Directs the ATP-Dependent Cleavage of mRNA at 21 to 23 Nucleotide Intervals
TL;DR: It is found that RNAi is ATP dependent yet uncoupled from mRNA translation, suggesting that the 21-23 nucleotide fragments from the dsRNA are guiding mRNA cleavage.
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Discrete Small RNA-Generating Loci as Master Regulators of Transposon Activity in Drosophila
Julius Brennecke,Alexei A. Aravin,Alexander Stark,Monica Dus,Manolis Kellis,Ravi Sachidanandam,Gregory J. Hannon +6 more
TL;DR: Examination of piwi-interacting RNAs associated with each Drosophila Piwi protein finds that Piwi and Aubergine bind RNAs that are predominantly antisense to transposons, whereas Ago3 complexes contain predominantly sense piRNAs.