Sugar release and growth of biofuel crops are improved by downregulation of pectin biosynthesis
Ajaya K. Biswal,Ajaya K. Biswal,Melani A. Atmodjo,Melani A. Atmodjo,Mi Li,Mi Li,Holly L. Baxter,Holly L. Baxter,Chang Geun Yoo,Chang Geun Yoo,Yunqiao Pu,Yunqiao Pu,Yi Ching Lee,Yi Ching Lee,Mitra Mazarei,Mitra Mazarei,Ian Black,Ji Yi Zhang,Ji Yi Zhang,Hema Ramanna,Hema Ramanna,Adam L. Bray,Adam L. Bray,Zachary R. King,Zachary R. King,Peter R. LaFayette,Peter R. LaFayette,Sivakumar Pattathil,Sivakumar Pattathil,Sivakumar Pattathil,Bryon S. Donohoe,Bryon S. Donohoe,Sushree S. Mohanty,Sushree S. Mohanty,David Ryno,David Ryno,Kelsey L. Yee,Olivia A. Thompson,Miguel Rodriguez,Alexandru Dumitrache,Jace Natzke,Kim Winkeler,Cassandra M. Collins,Xiaohan Yang,Li Tan,Li Tan,Robert W. Sykes,Robert W. Sykes,Robert W. Sykes,Erica Gjersing,Erica Gjersing,Angela Ziebell,Angela Ziebell,Geoffrey B. Turner,Geoffrey B. Turner,Geoffrey B. Turner,Stephen R. Decker,Stephen R. Decker,Michael G. Hahn,Michael G. Hahn,Brian H. Davison,Michael K. Udvardi,Jonathan R. Mielenz,Mark F. Davis,Mark F. Davis,Richard S. Nelson,Wayne A. Parrott,Wayne A. Parrott,Arthur J. Ragauskas,C. Neal Stewart,C. Neal Stewart,Debra Mohnen,Debra Mohnen +72 more
TLDR
Downregulation of GAUT4 reduces HG and rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII), reduces wall calcium and boron, and increases extractability of cell wall sugars, which improves biomass yields and sugar release from biomass processing.Abstract:
Cell walls in crops and trees have been engineered for production of biofuels and commodity chemicals, but engineered varieties often fail multi-year field trials and are not commercialized. We engineered reduced expression of a pectin biosynthesis gene (Galacturonosyltransferase 4, GAUT4) in switchgrass and poplar, and find that this improves biomass yields and sugar release from biomass processing. Both traits were maintained in a 3-year field trial of GAUT4-knockdown switchgrass, with up to sevenfold increased saccharification and ethanol production and sixfold increased biomass yield compared with control plants. We show that GAUT4 is an α-1,4-galacturonosyltransferase that synthesizes homogalacturonan (HG). Downregulation of GAUT4 reduces HG and rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII), reduces wall calcium and boron, and increases extractability of cell wall sugars. Decreased recalcitrance in biomass processing and increased growth are likely due to reduced HG and RGII cross-linking in the cell wall.read more
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The Multifaceted Role of Pectin Methylesterase Inhibitors (PMEIs)
TL;DR: This review aims to highlight recent updates in understanding of the PMEI gene family, their regulation and structure, interaction with PMEs, as well as their function in response to stress and during development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Breeding progress and preparedness for mass‐scale deployment of perennial lignocellulosic biomass crops switchgrass, miscanthus, willow and poplar
John Clifton-Brown,Antoine Harfouche,Michael D. Casler,Huw Jones,W. J. Macalpine,Donal Murphy-Bokern,Lawrence B. Smart,Anneli Adler,Anneli Adler,Chris Ashman,Danny Awty-Carroll,Catherine Bastien,Sebastian Bopper,Vasile Botnari,Maryse Brancourt-Hulmel,Zhiyong Chen,Lindsay V. Clark,Salvatore Luciano Cosentino,Susan Dalton,Christopher Lyndon Davey,Oene Dolstra,Iain Donnison,Richard Flavell,Joerg Greef,Steve J. Hanley,Astley Hastings,Magnus Hertzberg,Tsai Wen Hsu,Lin Huang,Antonella Iurato,Elaine Jensen,Xiaoli Jin,Uffe Jørgensen,Andreas Kiesel,Do-Soon Kim,Jianxiu Liu,Jon P. McCalmont,Bernard G. McMahon,Michal Mos,Paul Robson,Erik J. Sacks,Anatolii Sandu,Giovanni Scalici,Kai Uwe Schwarz,Danilo Scordia,Reza Shafiei,Ian Shield,Gancho T. Slavov,Brian J. Stanton,Kankshita Swaminathan,Gail Taylor,Andres F. Torres,Luisa M. Trindade,Timothy J. Tschaplinski,Gerald A. Tuskan,Toshihiko Yamada,Chang Yeon Yu,Ronald S. Zalesny,Junqin Zong,Iris Lewandowski +59 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that sustained public investment in breeding plays a key role in delivering future mass‐scale deployment of PBCs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant cell wall integrity maintenance in model plants and crop species-relevant cell wall components and underlying guiding principles
TL;DR: An overview of the cell wall polysaccharides forming the bulk of plant cell walls in both monocotyledonous and dicotenous plants and the effects their impairment can have is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multitrait genome-wide association analysis of Populus trichocarpa identifies key polymorphisms controlling morphological and physiological traits
Hari B. Chhetri,David Macaya-Sanz,David Kainer,Ajaya K. Biswal,Luke M. Evans,Jin-Gui Chen,Cassandra Collins,Kimberly Hunt,Sushree S. Mohanty,Todd N. Rosenstiel,David Ryno,Kim Winkeler,Xiaohan Yang,Daniel Jacobson,Debra Mohnen,Wellington Muchero,Steven H. Strauss,Timothy J. Tschaplinski,Gerald A. Tuskan,Stephen P. DiFazio +19 more
TL;DR: Multitrait association identified many more significant associations than single-trait association, potentially revealing pleiotropic effects of individual genes in a Populus trichocarpa population distributed from California, USA to British Columbia, Canada.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cell wall traits that influence plant development, immunity, and bioconversion.
TL;DR: In this review several cell wall traits, mainly related to pectin, one of the major matrix components, will be discussed in relation to plant development, immunity and industrial bioconversion of biomass, especially for energy production.
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