Journal ArticleDOI
The extended contact effect: Knowledge of cross-group friendships and prejudice.
TLDR
The extended contact hypothesis as mentioned in this paper proposes that knowledge that an in-group member has a close relationship with an outgroup member can lead to more positive intergroup attitudes, and four methodologically diverse studies to demonstrate the phenomenon.Abstract:
The extended contact hypothesis proposes that knowledge that an in-group member has a close relationship with an out-group member can lead to more positive intergroup attitudes. Proposed mechanisms are the in-group or out-group member serving as positive exemplars and the inclusion of the out-group member's group membership in the self. In Studies I and 2, respondents knowing an in-group member with an out-group friend had less negative attitudes toward that out-group, even controlling for disposition.il variables and direct out-group friendships. Study 3, with constructed intergroup-conflict situations (on the robbers cave model). found reduced negative out-group attitudes after participants learned of cross-group friendships. Study 4, a minimal group experiment, showed less negative out-group attitudes for participants observing an apparent in-group-out-group friendship. The intergroup contact hypothesis (Allport, 1954; Williams, 1947) proposes that under a given set of circumstances contact between members of different groups reduces existing negative intergroup attitudes. Some recent research (reviewed below) suggests that the effect may be most clearly associated with the specific contact of a friendship relationship. The extended contact hypothesis, which we introduce here, proposes that knowledge that an in-group member has a close relationship with an out-group member can lead to more positive intergroup attitudes. This article presents the rationale for the extended contact effect, including three mechanisms by which it may operate, and four methodologically diverse studies to demonstrate the phenomenon.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Intergroup contact theory
TL;DR: The chapter proposes four processes: learning about the outgroup, changed behavior, affective ties, and ingroup reappraisal, and distinguishes between essential and facilitating factors, and emphasizes different outcomes for different stages of contact.
Journal ArticleDOI
Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response.
Jay J. Van Bavel,Katherine Baicker,Paulo S. Boggio,Valerio Capraro,Aleksandra Cichocka,Aleksandra Cichocka,Mina Cikara,Molly J. Crockett,Alia J. Crum,Karen M. Douglas,James N. Druckman,John Drury,Oeindrila Dube,Naomi Ellemers,Eli J. Finkel,James H. Fowler,Michele J. Gelfand,Shihui Han,S. Alexander Haslam,Jolanda Jetten,Shinobu Kitayama,Dean Mobbs,Lucy E. Napper,Dominic J. Packer,Gordon Pennycook,Ellen Peters,Richard E. Petty,David G. Rand,Stephen Reicher,Simone Schnall,Azim F. Shariff,Linda J. Skitka,Sandra Susan Smith,Cass R. Sunstein,Nassim Tabri,Joshua A. Tucker,Sander van der Linden,Paul A. M. Van Lange,Kim A. Weeden,Michael J. A. Wohl,Jamil Zaki,Sean R. Zion,Robb Willer +42 more
TL;DR: Evidence from a selection of research topics relevant to pandemics is discussed, including work on navigating threats, social and cultural influences on behaviour, science communication, moral decision-making, leadership, and stress and coping.
Book
Hearing the Other Side: Deliberative versus Participatory Democracy
TL;DR: In this article, hearing the other side examines this theme in the context of the contemporary United States and suggests that it is doubtful that an extremely activist political culture can also be a heavily deliberative one.
Book ChapterDOI
An integrative theory of intergroup contact
Rupert Brown,Miles Hewstone +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a re-presentation of Allport's classic contact hypothesis and show that many of his original propositions have capably withstood the test of time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent advances in intergroup contact theory
TL;DR: In this paper, a meta-analysis with 515 studies and more than 250,000 subjects demonstrates that intergroup contact typically reduces prejudice (mean r = −.21) and these effects typically generalize beyond the immediate outgroup members in the situation to the whole outgroup, other situations, and even to other outgroups not involved in the contact.
References
More filters
Book
Prejudice: Its Social Psychology
TL;DR: This book discusses prejudice from the recipients' point of view, as well as the nature of Prejudice, its roots, and its application in modern society.
Journal ArticleDOI
The use of statistical heuristics in everyday inductive reasoning
TL;DR: In reasoning about everyday problems, people use statistical heuristics, that is, judgmental tools that are rough intuitive equivalents of statistical principles as discussed by the authors, that are more likely when the sample space and the sampling process are clear, the role of chance in producing events is clear, or the culture specifies statistical reasoning as normative for the events.
Journal ArticleDOI
The “Black Sheep Effect”: Extremity of judgments towards ingroup members as a function of group identification
TL;DR: The authors proposed an extension to the phenomenon of ingroup favoritism, based on the hypothesis that judgments about ingroup members may be more positive or more negative than judgments about similar outgroup members.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dimensions of Contact as Predictors of Intergroup Anxiety, Perceived Out-Group Variability, and Out-Group Attitude: An Integrative Model
Mir Rabiul Islam,Miles Hewstone +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an integrative model of how dimensions of contact (quantitative, qualitative, and intergroup) are related to intergroup anxiety, perceived outgroup variability, and out group attitude was proposed.
Book
Affect, cognition, and stereotyping: Interactive processes in group perception.
TL;DR: In this article, a heuristic model of affect and stereotyping is proposed to model the influence of affect on group perception and bias in group perception. But the model does not consider the role of anxiety in facilitating the judgment of out-group behavior.