The Role of Galectins as Modulators of Metabolism and Inflammation.
TLDR
Information on galectin-1, -2, -3, -4, -7, -8, -9, and -12 can all induce T-cell apoptosis and modulate inflammation and the potential to target galectins for therapeutic purposes is presented.Abstract:
Galectins are β-galcotosid-binding lectins. The function of galectins varies with their tissue-specific and subcellular location, and their binding to carbohydrates makes them key players in several intra- and extracellular processes where they bind to glycosylated proteins and lipids. In humans, there are 12 identified galectins, some with tissue-specific distribution. Galectins are found inside cells and in the nucleus, cytosol, and organelles, as well as extracellularly. Galectin-1, -2, -3, -4, -7, -8, -9, and -12 can all induce T-cell apoptosis and modulate inflammation. In the context of metabolic control and loss of the same in, for example, diabetes, galectin-1, -2, -3, -9, and -12 are especially interesting. This review presents information on galectins relevant to the control of inflammation and metabolism and the potential to target galectins for therapeutic purposes.read more
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References
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Dimeric Galectin-8 induces phosphatidylserine exposure in leukocytes through polylactosamine recognition by the C-terminal domain.
Sean R. Stowell,Connie M. Arthur,Kristin A. Slanina,John R. Horton,David F. Smith,Richard D. Cummings +5 more
TL;DR: Gal-8 dimerization promotes functional bivalency of each CRD, which allows Gal-8 to signal PS exposure in leukocytes entirely through C-terminal domain recognition of polyLacNAc glycans.
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Galectin-1 receptors in different cell types.
TL;DR: This review will focus on galectin-1 receptors, and some of the mechanisms by which this lectin affects different cell types.
Journal ArticleDOI
Galectin-3 regulates mitochondrial stability and antiapoptotic function in response to anticancer drug in prostate cancer.
Tomoharu Fukumori,Natsuo Oka,Yukinori Takenaka,Pratima Nangia-Makker,Essam Elsamman,Toshinori Kasai,Masayuki Shono,Hiro-omi Kanayama,Julie A. Ellerhorst,Reuben Lotan,Avraham Raz +10 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Randomised clinical study: GR-MD-02, a galectin-3 inhibitor, vs. placebo in patients having non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with advanced fibrosis.
Stephen A. Harrison,S. R. Marri,N. Chalasani,Rohit Kohli,W. Aronstein,G. A. Thompson,William Irish,Michael V. Miles,Stavra A. Xanthakos,Eric Lawitz,Mazen Noureddin,T. D. Schiano,M.S. Siddiqui,Arun J. Sanyal,Brent A. Neuschwander-Tetri,Peter G. Traber +15 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ligand induced galectin-3 protein self-association.
TL;DR: This type-C self-association is named to distinguish it from the previously proposed models (type-N) where galectin-3 molecules bind to each other through the N-terminal domain, and all carbohydrate recognition sites are available for binding glycans.