Griffith University

About: Griffith University is a education organization based out in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 13830 authors who have published 49318 publications receiving 1420865 citations.

Patient centered goal-setting in a subacute rehabilitation setting.

Abstract: Purpose. The purpose of this research is to describe current practices in goal-setting within a subacute rehabilitation setting from the perspective of therapists representing the disciplines of occupational therapy, speech pathology and physiotherapy.Method. Qualitative semi-structured email interviews were conducted with therapists from the Geriatric Assessment and Rehabilitation Unit of an Australian hospital. Therapists were required to respond to questioning with reference to identified rehabilitation patients with stroke.Results. Three approaches to goal-setting were identified: therapist controlled, therapist led and patient centred. Goals aimed at the ICF levels of impairment and activity limitations were predominant. Barriers to a patient centered goal-setting approach largely outweighed facilitators. Potential successful resolutions were offered to overcome these barriers.Conclusions. The inability of patients to participate fully in the goal-setting process largely determines the approach taken...

Learning throughout working life: a relational interdependence between personal and social agency

Abstract: Individuals actively and continually construct the knowledge required for their working lives. Two outcomes arise from this constructive process: (i) individual change (i.e. learning) and (ii) the remaking of culturally-derived practices comprising work. These arise through a relational interdependence between the contributions and agency of the personal and the social. The relationship is interdependent because neither the social nor personal contributions alone are sufficient. The social experience is important for articulating and providing access to work performance requirements. However, personal factors such as individuals’ capacities, subjectivities and agency shape how workers interpret and engage with what they experience and, consequently, how they learn and remake practice throughout their working life. This case is elaborated through a discussion about learning with considerations of intersubjectivity, personal epistemologies, pedagogy and curriculum as experience.

An integrated approach to environmental stress tolerance and life-history variation: desiccation tolerance in Drosophila

Abstract: The availability of metabolic energy provides a general measure of the environmental stress that can be tolerated by organisms, leading to the hypothesis that increased tolerance to a range of environmental stresses will be associated with a reduction in metabolic rate in Drosophila and many other organisms. This hypothesis makes three predictions about genetic variation for stress tolerance: (1) increased stress tolerance will tend to be associated with decreased metabolic rate; (2) genetic correlations between tolerance of different environmental stresses will tend to be positive; (3) stress tolerance and life-history traits will tend to be genetically correlated; in Drosophila correlations with life-history traits other than longevity will tend to be negative. These predictions were tested by artificially selecting for increased desiccation tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster, using an 85% mortality level. The response to selection was rapid and the mean realized heritability was c. 0.65. The selection response was associated with a decreased rate of water loss, reduced activity and a decrease in metabolic rate in agreement with prediction (1). Selection did not alter body size. Selected lines were relatively more tolerant of starvation and a toxic concentration of ethanol in agreement with prediction (2), and had lower fecundities in agreement with prediction (3).

Global spatial risk assessment of sharks under the footprint of fisheries

Abstract: Effective ocean management and the conservation of highly migratory species depend on resolving the overlap between animal movements and distributions, and fishing effort. However, this information is lacking at a global scale. Here we show, using a big-data approach that combines satellite-tracked movements of pelagic sharks and global fishing fleets, that 24% of the mean monthly space used by sharks falls under the footprint of pelagic longline fisheries. Space-use hotspots of commercially valuable sharks and of internationally protected species had the highest overlap with longlines (up to 76% and 64%, respectively), and were also associated with significant increases in fishing effort. We conclude that pelagic sharks have limited spatial refuge from current levels of fishing effort in marine areas beyond national jurisdictions (the high seas). Our results demonstrate an urgent need for conservation and management measures at high-seas hotspots of shark space use, and highlight the potential of simultaneous satellite surveillance of megafauna and fishers as a tool for near-real-time, dynamic management.