Griffith University

About: Griffith University is a education organization based out in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 13830 authors who have published 49318 publications receiving 1420865 citations.

Nurses' attitudes towards clients who self-harm

Abstract: Background. Deliberate self-harm is frequently encountered by emergency department (ED) nurses. However, clients are often dissatisfied with the care provided and clinicians feel ambivalent, helpless or frustrated when working with clients who self-harm. Aim. The aim of the study was to develop and test a scale to identify relevant dimensions of ED nurses' attitudes to clients who present with self-injury. Methods. Items on Attitudes Towards Deliberate Self-Harm Questionnaire (ADSHQ) were drawn from a literature review and focus group discussions with ED nurses. The tool was piloted with 20 ED nurses not working in the target agencies. A survey of nurses working within 23 major public and 14 major private EDs in Queensland, Australia ( n = 1008) was then undertaken. Results. A total of 352 questionnaires were returned (35% response). Analysis revealed four factors that reflected nurses' attitudes toward these clients. The factors related to nurses' perceived confidence in their assessment and referral skills; ability to deal effectively with clients, empathic approach; and ability to cope effectively with legal and hospital regulations that guide practice. There was a generally negative attitude towards clients who self-harm. Correlations were found between years of ED experience and total score on the ADSHQ, and years of ED experience and an empathic approach towards clients who deliberately self-harm. Conclusion. There is a need for continuing professional development activities to address negative attitudes and provide practical strategies to inform practice and clinical protocols.

A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Examining Psychological Interventions for Needle-related Procedural Pain and Distress in Children and Adolescents: An Abbreviated Cochrane Review

Abstract: Objective To report the results of a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychological interventions for children and adolescents undergoing needle-related procedures. Methods A variety of cognitive-behavioral psychological interventions for managing procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents between 2 and 19 years of age were examined. Outcome measures included pain and distress as assessed by self-report, observer report, behavioral/observational measures, and physiological correlates. Results Twenty-eight trials met the criteria for inclusion in the review and provided the data necessary for pooling the results. Together, the trials included 1,039 participants in treatment conditions and 951 in control conditions. The largest effect sizes for treatment improvement over control conditions were found for distraction, combined cognitive-behavioral interventions, and hypnosis, with promising but limited evidence for several other psychological interventions. Conclusions Recommendations for conducting future RCTs are provided, and particular attention to the quality of trial design and reporting is highlighted.

Recent progress in metal–organic polymers as promising electrodes for lithium/sodium rechargeable batteries

Abstract: Metal organic polymers (MOPs), including metal coordination polymers (CPs, one-dimensional), metal–organic frameworks (MOFs, two-/three-dimensional), Prussian blue (PB) and Prussian blue analogues (PBAs), have recently emerged as promising electrochemically active materials for energy storage and conversion systems. Due to the tunability of their composition and the structural versatility, diverse electrochemical behaviors for multi-electron reactions, fast-ion diffusion, and small volume change of electrodes could be achieved upon charging and discharging. Because of these superiorities, MOPs are considered as effective substitutes for future advanced energy storage systems. Here, we summarize the recent progress in pristine MOPs as electrode candidates for rechargeable lithium and sodium ion batteries. The working mechanisms and strategies for enhancing the electrochemical performance in related advanced electrochemical energy storage (EES) applications are also highlighted in this review.

Leadership behaviors, organizational culture and knowledge management practices: An empirical investigation

Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between leadership behaviors and knowledge management (KM) practices. More specifically, it aims to examine the influence of transformational and transactional leadership behaviors on KM, and the moderating effect of organizational culture on this relationship, in the context of small‐to‐medium sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in Australia.Design/methodology/approach – A total of four hypotheses were proposed for testing. It also provides is a succinct review of KM basics relevant to the study, the relationship between leadership and KM, and leadership and organizational culture.Findings – The results suggest that both transformational and transactional leadership are positively related to KM practices. They also reveal that charismatic leadership and contingent reward leadership behaviors have greater influence on all the dimensions of KM practices.Research limitations/implications – A key limitation of this study is its cross‐secti...