Paris Descartes University

About: Paris Descartes University is a government organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Immune system. The organization has 20987 authors who have published 37456 publications receiving 1206222 citations. The organization is also known as: Université Paris V-Descartes & Université de Paris V.

Inborn errors of human IL-17 immunity underlie chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

Abstract: Purpose of reviewChronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is characterized by recurrent or persistent symptomatic infection of the nails, skin and mucosae mostly by Candida albicans. CMC is common in patients with profound primary T-cell immunodeficiency, who often display multiple infectious and aut

Tertiary lymphoid structures, drivers of the anti-tumor responses in human cancers

Abstract: The characterization of the microenvironment of human tumors led to the description of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) characterized by mature dendritic cells in a T-cell zone adjacent to B-cell follicle including a germinal center. TLS represent sites of lymphoid neogenesis that develop in most solid cancers. Analysis of the current literature shows that the TLS presence is associated with a favorable clinical outcome for cancer patients, regardless of the approach used to quantify TLS and the stage of the disease. Using several approaches that combine immunohistochemistry, gene expression assays, and flow cytometry on large series of lung tumors, our work demonstrated that TLS are important sites for the initiation and/or maintenance of the local and systemic T- and B-cell responses against tumors. Surrounded by high endothelial venules, they represent a privileged area for the recruitment of lymphocytes into tumors and generation of central-memory T and B cells that circulate and limit cancer progression. TLS can be considered as a novel biomarker to stratify the overall survival risk of untreated cancer patients and as a marker of efficient immunotherapies. The induction and manipulation of cancer-associated TLS using drug agonists and/or biotherapies should open new avenues to treat cancer patients.

Aetiological diagnosis of ischaemic stroke in young adults.

Abstract: Summary Despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment, ischaemic stroke in young adults remains a catastrophic event from the patients' perspective. Stroke can cause death, disability, and hamper quality of life. For the neurologist treating a young adult with suspected ischaemic stroke, the diagnostic challenge is to identify its cause. Contemporary neuroimaging of the brain and its vessels, and a comprehensive cardiac assessment, will enable identification of the most frequent causes of stroke in this age group: cardioembolism and arterial dissection. Specific diagnostic tests for the many other rare causes of ischaemic stroke in young adults (angiography, CSF examination, screening for vasculitis and thrombophilia, genetic testing, and ophthalmological examination) should be guided by suspected clinical findings or by the high prevalence of diseases associated with stroke in some countries.