Saint Louis University

About: Saint Louis University is a education organization based out in St Louis, Missouri, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 18927 authors who have published 34895 publications receiving 1267475 citations. The organization is also known as: SLU & St. Louis University.

Surgical Removal of the Primary Tumor Increases Overall Survival in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer: Analysis of the 1988–2003 SEER Data

Abstract: Background Primary treatments for stage IV breast cancer are chemotherapy and radiation, with surgery usually reserved for tumor-related complications. We sought to determine whether surgical removal of the primary tumor provides a survival advantage for women with metastatic breast cancer.

Orthodontic bracketing system and method therefor

Abstract: From a negative impression of a patient's teeth, a positive hard duplicate pattern such as a stone model of the teeth is made. A digitized three dimensional coded image of the teeth is then generated by means of a coordinate measuring machine or by laser scanning. The central axis of each tooth is then displayed in an exploded image of the set of teeth and each tooth is moved in virtual space to a desired position and orientation using torque, tip and angulation values as well as in/out position information provided by the selected orthodontic bracket system. The optimum position of each tooth-mounted orthodontic appliance bracket and its attachment point to its associated tooth for moving the tooth to a desired orientation and position is then determined using the digitized coded images of each tooth including its central axis in its initial and final desired position and orientation. Using this bracket attachment information for each tooth, the shape and contour of a bracket attachment jig is determined for each tooth and this information in digital form is used to fabricate a plurality of such jigs under computer control such as by using a computer numeric control (CNC) milling machine for attaching an off-the-shelf, conventional orthodontic bracket to each tooth. Conventional archwires attached to the upper and lower optimally positioned brackets urge each tooth to its respective desired position and orientation with minimal subsequent manipulation and adjustment of the archwires by the orthodontist.