Saint Louis University

About: Saint Louis University is a education organization based out in St Louis, Missouri, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 18927 authors who have published 34895 publications receiving 1267475 citations. The organization is also known as: SLU & St. Louis University.

A lifestyle intervention of weight-gain restriction : diet and exercise in obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract: Objective: This study assessed whether a weight-gain restriction regimen, with or without exercise, would impact glycemic control, pregnancy outcome, and total pregnancy weight gain in obese subjec...

Altered hydrologic feedback in a warming climate introduces a “warming hole”

Abstract: [2] Changes in forcing of the climate system can trigger new or altered feedback processes. We have found evidence of such a feedback in the hydrological cycle of the central U.S. that creates a regional minimum within the continentalscale pattern of warming in an enhanced greenhouse-gas climate. The effect of this particular feedback is amplified because a change is introduced into a slowly varying component of the hydrologic cycle (soil moisture) thereby extending the impact of increased summer precipitation to later months in the annual cycle. We investigated these processes using a regional climate model (RCM) to downscale contemporary and future scenario climates from a global climate model (GCM) [Johns et al., 1997] in order to project resolution-enhanced patterns of climate change for the continental U.S. Previous work has shown that the downscaled climate from this approach provides a reasonable representation of the atmosphere-hydrology linkage in this region [Pan et al., 2001a; Gutowski et al., 2003]. [3] The most notable feature in the projected climate is a local minimum of warming (hereinafter called a ‘‘warming hole’’) in the central U.S. during summer (June, July and August) (Figure 1a). The increase in daily maximum surface air temperature (dTmax) in summer at the center of the warming hole is less than 0.5 K, which is substantially less than the mean increase of about 3 K over the continental U.S. The ground temperature has an even stronger warming hole with 0.5 K cooling, rather than warming, in the center. The warming hole starts to develop in June, reaches its maximum value in September, and gradually diminishes through October and November (Figure 1b). The purpose of this paper is to analyze the processes underlying the reduced warming and to show the hole’s links to observed climate trends. 2. Methods

The correction of stereotactic inaccuracy caused by brain shift using an intraoperative ultrasound device

Abstract: Cranial stereotactic systems which utilize preoperative computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data sets to guide surgery are subject to inaccuracy introduced by the intraoperative movement of the brain (brain shift). Although these systems allow precise navigation initially during a procedure, brain shift resulting from surgical intervention can lead to progressive degradation in accuracy, with the greatest inaccuracy occurring when deep structures are manipulated. One method of addressing this issue is with the use of an intraoperative scanning device such as CT or MRI; however, such scanners are costly and restrict surgical access. We have developed an alternative intraoperative imaging device consisting of an ultrasound unit coupled to a stereotactic system to quantify the degree of brain shift. This system determines the orientation of ultrasound images produced by the device and reformats the pre-operative CT or MRI images to match the ultrasound image. By comparing the position of specific structures on the two images, the amount of shift can be determined. Furthermore, this system is being expanded to include the aquisition of three-dimensional ultrasonic volumes.

One hundred new species of lichenized fungi : a signature of undiscovered global diversity

Abstract: The number of undescribed species of lichenized fungi has been estimated at roughly 10,000. Describing and cataloging these would take the existing number of taxonomists several decades; however, the support for taxonomy is in decline worldwide. In this paper we emphasize the dire need for taxonomic expertise in lichenology. We bring together 103 colleagues from institutions worldwide to describe a total of 100 new species of lichenized fungi, representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range. The newly described species are: Acarospora flavisparsa, A. janae, Aderkomyces thailandicus, Amandinea maritima, Ampliotrema cocosense, Anomomorpha lecanorina, A. tuberculata, Aspicilia mansourii, Bacidina sorediata, Badimia multiseptata, B. vezdana, Biatora epirotica, Buellia sulphurica, Bunodophoron pinnatum, Byssoloma spinulosum, Calopadia cinereopruinosa, C. editae, Caloplaca brownlieae, C. decipioides, C. digitaurea, C. magnussoniana, C. mereschkowskiana, C. yorkensis, Calvitimela uniseptata, Chapsa microspora, C. psoromica, C. rubropulveracea, C. thallotrema, Chiodecton pustuliferum, Cladonia mongkolsukii, Clypeopyrenis porinoides, Coccocarpia delicatula, Coenogonium flammeum, Cresponea ancistrosporelloides, Crocynia microphyllina, Dictyonema hernandezii, D. hirsutum, Diorygma microsporum, D. sticticum, Echinoplaca pernambucensis, E. schizidiifera, Eremithallus marusae, Everniastrum constictovexans, Fellhanera borbonica, Fibrillithecis sprucei, Fissurina astroisidiata, F. nigrolabiata, F. subcomparimuralis, Graphis caribica, G. cerradensis, G. itatiaiensis, G. marusa, Gyalideopsis chicaque, Gyrotrema papillatum, Harpidium gavilaniae, Hypogymnia amplexa, Hypotrachyna guatemalensis, H. indica, H. lueckingii, H. paracitrella, H. paraphyscioides, H. parasinuosa, Icmadophila eucalypti, Krogia microphylla, Lecanora mugambii, L. printzenii, L. xanthoplumosella, Lecidea lygommella, Lecidella greenii, Lempholemma corticola, Lepraria sekikaica, Lobariella sipmanii, Megalospora austropacifica, M. galapagoensis, Menegazzia endocrocea, Myriotrema endoflavescens, Ocellularia albobullata, O. vizcayensis, Ochrolechia insularis, Opegrapha viridipruinosa, Pannaria phyllidiata, Parmelia asiatica, Pertusaria conspersa, Phlyctis psoromica, Placopsis imshaugii, Platismatia wheeleri, Porina huainamdungensis, Ramalina hyrcana, R. stoffersii, Relicina colombiana, Rhizocarpon diploschistidina, Sticta venosa, Sagenidiopsis isidiata, Tapellaria albomarginata, Thelotrema fijiense, Tricharia nigriuncinata, Usnea galapagona, U. pallidocarpa, Verrucaria rhizicola, and Xanthomendoza rosmarieae. In addition, three new combinations are proposed: Fibrillithecis dehiscens, Lobariella botryoides, and Lobariella pallida.