Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso

About: Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso is a education organization based out in Cuiabá, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Species richness. The organization has 7748 authors who have published 10181 publications receiving 89994 citations.

Quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS and its relationship with CD4+ lymphocytes, viral load and time of diagnosis

Abstract: A qualidade de vida (QV) acompanha o tratamento dos pacientes com AIDS, juntamente com as inovacoes farmacologicas, que permitiram prolongar a vida do paciente e a manutencao de seu bem-estar. O presente estudo objetivou verificar a QV desses pacientes e correlacionar com dados clinicos e laboratoriais. Participaram 205 pacientes HIV/AIDS, os quais responderam ao questionario WHOQOL-120-HIV e tiveram coletados seus dados sociodemograficos, clinicos e laboratoriais. A media etaria foi de 40,59 ± 11,81 anos; contagem de linfocitos CD4+ de 397,97 ± 232,84 mm³ e 5,23 ± 3,94 anos de diagnostico do HIV. A carga viral era <50 copias/ml em 115 pacientes; em 61, entre 50 e 10.000; e em 29 acima de 10.000 copias. Os dominios atingiram bons escores medios, sendo que o melhor foi o psicologico (14,5 ± 2,7), seguido de relacoes sociais (13,7 ± 2,2), fisico (12,7 ± 3,5), nivel de independencia (12,6 ± 2,5), crencas pessoais (12,4 ± 2,4) e meio ambiente (12,4 ± 1,8). Os melhores escores nas facetas dor, lazer, apoio social, ambiente fisico e crencas pessoais foram os com maiores niveis de CD4 (p < 0,05). Ja nas facetas financas, lazer, preocupacoes sobre o futuro e QV geral e percepcao de saude foram em pacientes com carga viral <50 (p < 0,05). Os melhores indices nas facetas energia e fadiga, atividade sexual, informacao e transporte, sintomas da doenca, cuidados e preocupacoes sobre o futuro foram verificados em pacientes com menor tempo de diagnostico (p < 0,05). Os pacientes com HIV/AIDS do estudo apresentam QV de nivel intermediario e associacao com os niveis de CD4, CV e tempo de diagnostico.

Cost-Effectiveness Assessment of Five Audio Recording Systems for Wildlife Monitoring: Differences between Recording Distances and Singing Direction

Abstract: Audio recording systems coupled with automated song recognition are commonly being used for monitoring wildlife. Recorders usually differ in cost and effectiveness, and their performance may vary with source distance, wind speed and acoustic source direction, among other factors. We here assess the cost-effectiveness of five audio systems considering such factors as distance and singing direction. We developed field tests using playback of Dupont's Lark Chersophilus duponti songs from nine fixed locations at distances of 1 to 256m, played towards or away from the recorders' position. We selected this species because its very characteristic song should be easily identified by automated signal recognition software. Field tests were carried out during March 2016 in level dwarf-shrub steppe (mean height < 40cm) in NE Spain. We found large differences in effectiveness between recorders. The number of songs detected by an automated signal recognition algorithm significantly decreased with distance and when playback was angled away from the recorder position, a factor never previously tested. Finally, we give the design of a cost-effective Autonomous Recording Unit, based upon the most effective recorder. We recommend researchers working with acoustic recorders to evaluate the performance of several devices before making a selection for long-term monitoring programmes, and to consider such factors such as singing direction in their analyses. —perez-Granados, C., Bota, G., Giralt, D., Albarracin, J. & Traba, J. (2019). Cost-effectiveness assessment of five audio recording systems for wildlife monitoring: differences between recording distances and singing direction. Ardeola, 66: 311-325.

Effect of tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy and preschool age on growth from birth to adolescence: a cohort study

Abstract: There is strong evidence of an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and restriction of intrauterine growth, but the effects of this exposure on postnatal linear growth are not well defined. Furthermore, few studies have investigated the role of tobacco smoke exposure also after pregnancy on linear growth until adolescence. In this study we investigated the effect of maternal smoking exposure during pregnancy and preschool age on linear growth from birth to adolescence. We evaluated a cohort of children born between 1994 and 1999 in Cuiaba, Brazil, who attended primary health clinics for vaccination between the years 1999 and 2000 (at preschool age) and followed-up after approximately ten years. Individuals were located in public and private schools throughout the country using the national school census. Height/length was measured, and length at birth was collected at maternity departments. Stature in childhood and adolescence was assessed using the height-for-age index sex-specific expressed as z-score from curves published by the World Health Organization. Linear mixed effects models were used to estimate the association between exposure to maternal smoking, during pregnancy and preschool age, and height of children assessed at birth, preschool and school age, adjusted for age of the children. We evaluated 2405 children in 1999–2000, length at birth was obtained from 2394 (99.5%), and 1716 at follow-up (71.4% of baseline), 50.7% of the adolescents were male. The z-score of height-for-age was lower among adolescents exposed to maternal smoking both during pregnancy and childhood (p < 0.01). Adjusting for age, sex, maternal height, maternal schooling, socioeconomic position at preschool age, and breastfeeding, children exposed to maternal smoking both during pregnancy and preschool age showed persistent lower height-for-age since birth to adolescence (coefficient: −0.32, p < 0.001) compared to non-exposed. Paternal smoking at preschool age was not associated with growth after adjustment for confounders. Exposure to maternal smoking not only during pregnancy, but also at early childhood, showed long-term negative effect on height of children until adolescence.

Land use effects on water quality in the urban agglomeration of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso State, central Brazil

Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between spatial patterns of water quality and land occupation in the cities of Cuiaba and Varzea Grande, Mato Grosso state, Brazil, applying Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques and Polynomial Redundancy Analysis. The results show a strong relationship between water quality and population density, urbanization rate and regionalized low water runoff. Higher treatment rates improve oxygenation levels, but do not reduce concentrations of total nitrogen, phosphorus and coliforms, indicating inefficiency of the sanitation infrastructure. The presence of more sophisticated treatment systems positively influenced catchment pollution levels. Sub-catchments which impact water quality of the Cuiaba River throughout the year typically deliver loads of mixed origin (impervious surfaces and untreated domestic wastewater). Monitoring stations downstream of the urban reach of the river show a trend of chemical and biological degradation.