Institution
Université libre de Bruxelles
Education•Brussels, Belgium•
About: Université libre de Bruxelles is a education organization based out in Brussels, Belgium. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Breast cancer. The organization has 24974 authors who have published 56969 publications receiving 2084303 citations. The organization is also known as: ULB.
Topics: Population, Breast cancer, Context (language use), Receptor, Cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The first global map (228 countries) of antibiotic consumption in livestock is presented and it is projected that antimicrobial consumption will rise by 67% by 2030, and nearly double in Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.
Abstract: Demand for animal protein for human consumption is rising globally at an unprecedented rate. Modern animal production practices are associated with regular use of antimicrobials, potentially increasing selection pressure on bacteria to become resistant. Despite the significant potential consequences for antimicrobial resistance, there has been no quantitative measurement of global antimicrobial consumption by livestock. We address this gap by using Bayesian statistical models combining maps of livestock densities, economic projections of demand for meat products, and current estimates of antimicrobial consumption in high-income countries to map antimicrobial use in food animals for 2010 and 2030. We estimate that the global average annual consumption of antimicrobials per kilogram of animal produced was 45 mg⋅kg(-1), 148 mg⋅kg(-1), and 172 mg⋅kg(-1) for cattle, chicken, and pigs, respectively. Starting from this baseline, we estimate that between 2010 and 2030, the global consumption of antimicrobials will increase by 67%, from 63,151 ± 1,560 tons to 105,596 ± 3,605 tons. Up to a third of the increase in consumption in livestock between 2010 and 2030 is imputable to shifting production practices in middle-income countries where extensive farming systems will be replaced by large-scale intensive farming operations that routinely use antimicrobials in subtherapeutic doses. For Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, the increase in antimicrobial consumption will be 99%, up to seven times the projected population growth in this group of countries. Better understanding of the consequences of the uninhibited growth in veterinary antimicrobial consumption is needed to assess its potential effects on animal and human health.
2,371 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a valued outranking graph is constructed by using a preference index, and two possibilities are considered to solve the ranking problem by using this valued graph: PROMETHEE I provides a partial preorder and PROMTHEE II a total preorder on the set of the possible actions.
Abstract: Principles for a new family of outranking methods are given. The main aim of the proposed PROMETHEE approach is to be as easily understood as possible by the decision-maker. It is based on extensions of the notion of criterion. Six possible extensions are considered. These extensions can easily be identified by the decision-maker because the parameters to be defined at most 2 have an economic significance. A valued outranking graph is constructed by using a preference index. Two possibilities are considered to solve the ranking problem by using this valued graph. PROMETHEE I provides a partial preorder and PROMETHEE II a total preorder on the set of the possible actions.
2,244 citations
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TL;DR: A revised definition and classification of cerebral palsy is presented to meet the needs of clinicians, investigators, and health officials, and provide a common language for improved communication.
Abstract: Because of the availability of new knowledge about the neurobiology of developmental brain injury, information that epidemiology and modern brain imaging is providing, the availability of more precise measuring instruments of patient performance, and the increase in studies evaluating the efficacy of therapy for the consequences of injury, the need for reconsideration of the definition and classification of cerebral palsy (CP) has become evident. Pertinent material was reviewed at an international symposium participated in by selected leaders in the preclinical and clinical sciences. Suggestions were made about the content of a revised definition and classification of CP that would meet the needs of clinicians, investigators, and health officials, and provide a common language for improved communication. With leadership and direction from an Executive Committee, panels utilized this information and have generated a revised Definition and Classification of Cerebral Palsy. The Executive Committee presents this revision and welcomes substantive comments about it.
2,214 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the usefulness of repeated measurement of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score for prediction of mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
Abstract: ContextEvaluation of trends in organ dysfunction in critically ill patients
may help predict outcome.ObjectiveTo determine the usefulness of repeated measurement the Sequential Organ
Failure Assessment (SOFA) score for prediction of mortality in intensive care
unit (ICU) patients.DesignProspective, observational cohort study conducted from April 1 to July
31, 1999.SettingA 31-bed medicosurgical ICU at a university hospital in Belgium.PatientsThree hundred fifty-two consecutive patients (mean age, 59 years) admitted
to the ICU for more than 24 hours for whom the SOFA score was calculated on
admission and every 48 hours until discharge.Main Outcome MeasuresInitial SOFA score (0-24), Δ-SOFA scores (differences between
subsequent scores), and the highest and mean SOFA scores obtained during the
ICU stay and their correlations with mortality.ResultsThe initial, highest, and mean SOFA scores correlated well with mortality.
Initial and highest scores of more than 11 or mean scores of more than 5 corresponded
to mortality of more than 80%. The predictive value of the mean score was
independent of the length of ICU stay. In univariate analysis, mean and highest
SOFA scores had the strongest correlation with mortality, followed by Δ-SOFA
and initial SOFA scores. The area under the receiver operating characteristic
curve was largest for highest scores (0.90; SE, 0.02; P<.001 vs initial score). When analyzing trends in the SOFA score
during the first 96 hours, regardless of the initial score, the mortality
rate was at least 50% when the score increased, 27% to 35% when it remained
unchanged, and less than 27% when it decreased. Differences in mortality were
better predicted in the first 48 hours than in the subsequent 48 hours. There
was no significant difference in the length of stay among these groups. Except
for initial scores of more than 11 (mortality rate >90%), a decreasing score
during the first 48 hours was associated with a mortality rate of less than
6%, while an unchanged or increasing score was associated with a mortality
rate of 37% when the initial score was 2 to 7 and 60% when the initial score
was 8 to 11.ConclusionsSequential assessment of organ dysfunction during the first few days
of ICU admission is a good indicator of prognosis. Both the mean and highest
SOFA scores are particularly useful predictors of outcome. Independent of
the initial score, an increase in SOFA score during the first 48 hours in
the ICU predicts a mortality rate of at least 50%.
2,190 citations
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TL;DR: In this study, 12 young, healthy, normal-weight men exhibited reductions in the satiety hormone leptin, increases in the hunger hormone ghrelin, and increases in hunger after 2 nights of only 4 hours of sleep compared with after two nights of 10 hours ofSleep, suggesting inadequate sleep seems to influence the hormones that regulate satiety and hunger.
Abstract: Sleep-deprived healthy persons experience increased hunger. They also have increased blood levels of leptin and decreased levels of ghrelin (hormones that regulate satiety and hunger). These hormon...
2,178 citations
Authors
Showing all 25206 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Karl J. Friston | 217 | 1267 | 217169 |
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |
David Miller | 203 | 2573 | 204840 |
Jing Wang | 184 | 4046 | 202769 |
H. S. Chen | 179 | 2401 | 178529 |
Jie Zhang | 178 | 4857 | 221720 |
Jasvinder A. Singh | 176 | 2382 | 223370 |
D. M. Strom | 176 | 3167 | 194314 |
J. N. Butler | 172 | 2525 | 175561 |
Andrea Bocci | 172 | 2402 | 176461 |
Bradley Cox | 169 | 2150 | 156200 |
Marc Weber | 167 | 2716 | 153502 |
Hongfang Liu | 166 | 2356 | 156290 |
Guenakh Mitselmakher | 165 | 1951 | 164435 |
Yang Yang | 164 | 2704 | 144071 |