Xi'an Jiaotong University

About: Xi'an Jiaotong University is a education organization based out in Xi'an, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Heat transfer & Dielectric. The organization has 85440 authors who have published 99682 publications receiving 1579683 citations. The organization is also known as: '''Xi'an Jiaotong University''' & Xi'an Jiao Tong University.

SR-LSTM: State Refinement for LSTM Towards Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction

Abstract: In crowd scenarios, reliable trajectory prediction of pedestrians requires insightful understanding of their social behaviors. These behaviors have been well investigated by plenty of studies, while it is hard to be fully expressed by hand-craft rules. Recent studies based on LSTM networks have shown great ability to learn social behaviors. However, many of these methods rely on previous neighboring hidden states but ignore the important current intention of the neighbors. In order to address this issue, we propose a data-driven state refinement module for LSTM network (SR-LSTM), which activates the utilization of the current intention of neighbors, and jointly and iteratively refines the current states of all participants in the crowd through a message passing mechanism. To effectively extract the social effect of neighbors, we further introduce a social-aware information selection mechanism consisting of an element-wise motion gate and a pedestrian-wise attention to select useful message from neighboring pedestrians. Experimental results on two public datasets, i.e. ETH and UCY, demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed SR-LSTM and we achieve state-of-the-art results.

Glacial-Interglacial Indian Summer Monsoon Dynamics

Abstract: The modern Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is characterized by exceptionally strong interhemispheric transport, indicating the importance of both Northern and Southern Hemisphere processes driving monsoon variability. Here, we present a high-resolution continental record from southwestern China that demonstrates the importance of interhemispheric forcing in driving ISM variability at the glacial-interglacial time scale as well. Interglacial ISM maxima are dominated by an enhanced Indian low associated with global ice volume minima. In contrast, the glacial ISM reaches a minimum, and actually begins to increase, before global ice volume reaches a maximum. We attribute this early strengthening to an increased cross-equatorial pressure gradient derived from Southern Hemisphere high-latitude cooling. This mechanism explains much of the nonorbital scale variance in the Pleistocene ISM record.

Similarity Learning with Spatial Constraints for Person Re-identification

Abstract: Pose variation remains one of the major factors that adversely affect the accuracy of person re-identification. Such variation is not arbitrary as body parts (e.g. head, torso, legs) have relative stable spatial distribution. Breaking down the variability of global appearance regarding the spatial distribution potentially benefits the person matching. We therefore learn a novel similarity function, which consists of multiple sub-similarity measurements with each taking in charge of a subregion. In particular, we take advantage of the recently proposed polynomial feature map to describe the matching within each subregion, and inject all the feature maps into a unified framework. The framework not only outputs similarity measurements for different regions, but also makes a better consistency among them. Our framework can collaborate local similarities as well as global similarity to exploit their complementary strength. It is flexible to incorporate multiple visual cues to further elevate the performance. In experiments, we analyze the effectiveness of the major components. The results on four datasets show significant and consistent improvements over the state-of-the-art methods.

Mussel-inspired, antibacterial, conductive, antioxidant, injectable composite hydrogel wound dressing to promote the regeneration of infected skin.

Abstract: Infection is a major obstacle to wound healing. To enhance the healing of infected wounds, dressings with antibacterial activities and multifunctional properties to promote wound healing are highly desirable. Herein, gelatin-grafted-dopamine (GT-DA) and polydopamine-coated carbon nanotubes (CNT-PDA) were used to engineer antibacterial, adhesive, antioxidant and conductive GT-DA/chitosan/CNT composite hydrogels through the oxidative coupling of catechol groups using a H2O2/HRP (horseradish peroxidase) catalytic system. The addition of the antibiotic doxycycline endowed the hydrogels with antimicrobial activity to treat infected full-thickness defect wounds. Additionally, CNT-PDA endowed these hydrogels with an excellent photothermal effect, leading to good in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The catechol group and polydopamine imparted tissue adhesiveness, and the hemostatic and antioxidant abilities of these hydrogels were also investigated. The porosity, degradability, swelling, rheological, mechanical, and conductive behaviors of these hydrogels were finely regulated by changing the concentration of CNT-PDA. Hemolysis and cytocompatibility tests using L929 fibroblast cells confirmed the good biocompatibility of these hydrogels. The wound closure, collagen deposition, histomorphological examination and immunofluorescence staining results demonstrated the excellent effects of these hydrogels in an infected full-thickness mouse skin defect wound. In summary, the adhesive antibacterial and conductive GT-DA/chitosan/CNT hydrogels showed great potential as multifunctional bioactive dressings for the treatment of infected wounds.

Significantly enhanced recoverable energy storage density in potassium–sodium niobate-based lead free ceramics

Abstract: Ceramic-based dielectric materials are regarded as the best candidates for advanced pulsed power capacitors because of their excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Nevertheless, lead-free bulk ceramics show relatively low recoverable energy storage density (Wrec < 2 J cm−3) owing to their low dielectric breakdown strength (DBS < 200 kV cm−1). In order to significantly increase Wrec, we proposed a strategy (compositions drive the grain size to submicrometer) to improve the DBS of lead-free ceramics. In this work, (1 − x)(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3–xSrTiO3 (KNN–ST) ceramics were chosen as a representative to verify the validity of this strategy. The (1 − x)KNN–xST ceramics (x = 0.15 and 0.20) with submicrometer grains (about 0.3 μm) were prepared using pressureless solid state sintering. A large Wrec (4.03 J cm−3) and DBS (400 kV cm−1 with a thickness of 0.2 mm) were achieved for 0.85KNN–0.15ST ceramics. The value of 4.03 J cm−3 is superior to all other Wrec in lead-free bulk ceramics and 2–3 times larger than that of other lead-free bulk ceramics. A large Wrec (3.67 J cm−3) and energy storage efficiency (72.1%) were simultaneously achieved for 0.80KNN–0.20ST ceramics. The results confirm that the (1 − x)KNN–xST ceramics (x = 0.15 and 0.20) are desirable materials for advanced pulsed power capacitors. The findings in this study could push the development of a series of KNN-based ceramics with enhanced DBS and Wrec in the future. On the other hand, this work could broaden the applications of KNN materials in a new field.