Showing papers in "The Lancet Psychiatry in 2019"

TL;DR: The evidence from this survey poses serious challenges related to the high burdens of disease identified, but also offers valuable opportunities for policy makers and health-care professionals to explore and address the factors that affect mental health in China.

TL;DR: This Commission summarises advances in understanding on the topic of physical health in people with mental illness, and presents clear directions for health promotion, clinical care, and future research.

TL;DR: This systematic review and meta-analysis searched for publications between Jan 1, 1993, and Feb 1, 2019 in English or French that reported original research using an observational design on the prevalence of co-occurring mental health conditions in people with autism and reported confirmed clinical diagnoses of the co- Occurring conditions and autism using DSM or ICD criteria.

TL;DR: Differences in frequency of daily cannabis use and in use of high-potency cannabis contributed to the striking variation in the incidence of psychotic disorder across the 11 studied sites, giving important implications for public health.

TL;DR: Whether services should prioritise interventions that mitigate developing certain psychiatric disorders following childhood abuse requires further review and higher-quality meta-analyses for specific outcomes and more empirical studies on the developmental pathways from childhood sexual abuse to later outcomes are necessary.

TL;DR: There is scarce evidence to suggest that cannabinoids improve depressive disorders and symptoms, anxiety disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Tourette syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, or psychosis.

TL;DR: How cognitive function following a major depressive episode compares with normal function is determined, the pattern and severity of persistent cognitive dysfunctions are specified, and the potential moderator effect of ten prespecified clinical and demographic variables are examined.

TL;DR: The prevalence of non-suicidal self-harm (NSSH) has increased in England, but resultant service contact remains low and there are potential lifelong implications of NSSH, such as an increased frequency of suicide, especially if the behaviours are adopted as a long-term coping strategy.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that asking about substance use, non-suicidal self-harm, sleep, personality traits, and exposure to self- Harm could inform risk assessments, and might help clinicians to identify which adolescents are at greatest risk of attempting suicide in the future.

TL;DR: Improved screening, reduced barriers to care provision, and comprehensive clinical assessment are needed to ensure that trauma-exposed young people and those with PTSD receive appropriate treatment.

TL;DR: Assessment of evidence in relation to rheumatoid arthritis and depression, with a focus on innate immune and molecular responses to inflammation, discusses the challenges of assessing causation in this population, acknowledging the difficulty of assessing the confounding and contributory effects of pain and fatigue.

TL;DR: For the most commonly used second-generation antidepressants, the lower range of the licensed dose achieves the optimal balance between efficacy, tolerability, and acceptability in the acute treatment of major depression.

TL;DR: Evidence from brain imaging studies of patients with psychotic disorders indicates increased neural activity in premotor areas in patients with hypokinetic catatonia, but whether this localised hyperactivity is due to corticocortical inhibition or excess activity of inhibitory corticobasal ganglia loops is unclear.

TL;DR: This study provides a model for routine monitoring of opioid prescribing to aid targeting of interventions to reduce high-dose prescribing and supports calls for greater action to promote best practice in chronic pain prescribing and to reduce geographical variation.

TL;DR: Convincing evidence suggests that maternal factors, such as age and features of metabolic syndrome, are associated with risk of autism spectrum disorder.

TL;DR: This Series paper examines the main psychiatric disorders associated with alcohol use disorder, including the prevalence of co-occurring disorders, the temporal nature of the relationship, and mechanisms that might explain comorbidity across the lifespan.

TL;DR: Constrained combination and principal component analyses found that mixtures of mood and psychosis syndromes fit each patient better than any single diagnosis alone, particularly for the patients in the psychiatric-described subgroup.

TL;DR: The specific association with NMDAR encephalitis supports a hypothesis of glutamatergic hypofunction in catatonia, which can account for the full spectrum of catatonic features.

TL;DR: SSRIs should be tapered hyperbolically and slowly to doses much lower than those of therapeutic minimums, in line with tapering regimens for other medications associated with withdrawal symptoms, to minimise withdrawal symptoms.

TL;DR: There is little evidence that educational setting-based interventions focused solely on the prevention of depression or anxiety are effective, and future research could consider multilevel, systems- based interventions as an alternative to the downstream interventions considered here.

TL;DR: The findings suggested that there are multiple compensatory strategies with distinct characteristics, individual and environmental factors that modulate compensatory strategy use and success, positive (social relationships, independence, employment) and negative (poor mental health, late diagnosis) outcomes associated with compensatories strategy use.

TL;DR: The proportion of participants who quit at 6 months was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the usual care group, and the proportion of Participants who had quit at 12 months was higher inThe intervention group compared with the usual Care group, but non-significantly.

TL;DR: BAME and migrant groups are at a greater risk of psychiatric detention than are majority groups, although there is variation across ethnic groups.

TL;DR: FAAH-inhibitor PF-04457845, a novel FAAH inhibitor, reduced cannabis withdrawal symptoms and cannabis use in men, and might represent an effective and safe approach for the treatment of cannabis use disorder.

TL;DR: THPP had no effect on symptom severity or remission from perinatal depression at 6 months after childbirth, but it was beneficial on some other metrics of severity and disability and that it was cost-effective.

TL;DR: This large-scale study aimed to reveal robust subtypes of insomnia disorder by use of data-driven analyses on a multidimensional set of biologically based traits and found differences between the identified subtypes in developmental trajectories, response to treatment, and the risk of depression that was up to five times different between groups.

TL;DR: The effect of CYP2D6 genetic variability on risperidone and aripiprazole exposure and treatment in a large patient population was quantified to assess the differences in metabolic ratios, active moieties, and daily doses between individual metaboliser categories.

TL;DR: Physician-directed interventions are associated with small reductions in symptoms of common mental health disorders among physicians, and random-effects modelling was used for the main meta-analyses and planned subgroup and sensitivity analyses.

TL;DR: The relationship between childhood trauma, brain structural alterations, and depression relapse in a longitudinal design is clarified to clarify the role of childhood maltreatment as causing a potential clinically and biologically distinct subtype of major depressive disorder.

TL;DR: Men were three times more likely than women to die by suicide after self-harm and age was positively related to suicide risk in both genders, with a 3% increase in risk for every one-year increase in age at hospital presentation.