A 13 bp palindrome is a functional estrogen responsive element and interacts specifically with estrogen receptor
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TLDR
This work has defined the 13 bp palindrome GGTCACAGTGACC as a minimal functional estrogen responsive element (ERE), which binds estrogen receptor preferentially in vitro and point mutations within the ERE decrease its affinity for the estrogen receptor and result in a complete loss of estrogen inducibility.Abstract:
Sequences located upstream of the transcription initiation site of the Xenopus vitellogenin A2 (vit A2) gene contain a hormone dependent enhancer that confers estrogen control to the heterologous thymidine kinase (tk) promoter. As a minimal functional estrogen responsive element (ERE), we have defined the 13 bp palindrome GGTCACAGTGACC. This ERE binds estrogen receptor preferentially in vitro. Although the ERE shares some structural features with the glucocorticoid responsive element (GRE) it is distinct from this element since it neither binds glucocorticoid receptor in vitro nor does it confer glucocorticoid inducibility to a fusion gene. Point mutations within the ERE decrease its affinity for the estrogen receptor and result in a complete loss of estrogen inducibility.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Multihormonal regulation of the human prolactin gene expression from 5000 bp of its upstream sequence.
M. Berwaer,Philippe Monget,Bernard Peers,Marianne Mathy-Hartert,Eric Bellefroid,Julian R. E. Davis,Alexandra Belayew,Joseph Martial +7 more
TL;DR: Cloned DNA sequences extending up to 6000 bp upstream from the first exon of the human prolactin (hPRL) gene were fused to a CAT reporter gene and shown to provide tissue-specific transient expression in rat pituitary GH3 cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modulation of hepatocyte growth factor gene expression by estrogen in mouse ovary
Youhua Liu,Lin Lin,Reza Zarnegar +2 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the HGF gene is transcriptionally regulated by estrogen in mouse ovary; and such regulation is mediated via a direct interaction of the estrogen receptor complex with cis-acting ERE elements identified in the mouse H GF gene.
Journal Article
Cooperative estrogen receptor interaction with consensus or variant estrogen responsive elements in vitro.
TL;DR: It is shown that one dimeric ER can interact with one ERE, and steric constraints do not inhibit binding of ER to adjacent EREs, which strongly imply that the number, spacing, and nucleotide sequence of E REs could precisely control the amount of ER binding to estrogen-responsive genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estrogen receptor coregulators and pioneer factors: the orchestrators of mammary gland cell fate and development.
Bramanandam Manavathi,Venkata Subramanyam Kumar Samanthapudi,Vijay Narasimha Reddy Gajulapalli +2 more
TL;DR: Emerging themes in coregulator and pioneer factor mediated action on ER functions, in particular their role in mammary gland cell fate and development are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endocrine Resistance in Breast Cancer
TL;DR: The complexity and heterogeneity of the mechanisms which underlie resistance and the approaches proposed to combat them are discussed and the use and development of methods for predicting which patients are likely to develop resistance are focused on.
References
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