A 13 bp palindrome is a functional estrogen responsive element and interacts specifically with estrogen receptor
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This work has defined the 13 bp palindrome GGTCACAGTGACC as a minimal functional estrogen responsive element (ERE), which binds estrogen receptor preferentially in vitro and point mutations within the ERE decrease its affinity for the estrogen receptor and result in a complete loss of estrogen inducibility.Abstract:
Sequences located upstream of the transcription initiation site of the Xenopus vitellogenin A2 (vit A2) gene contain a hormone dependent enhancer that confers estrogen control to the heterologous thymidine kinase (tk) promoter. As a minimal functional estrogen responsive element (ERE), we have defined the 13 bp palindrome GGTCACAGTGACC. This ERE binds estrogen receptor preferentially in vitro. Although the ERE shares some structural features with the glucocorticoid responsive element (GRE) it is distinct from this element since it neither binds glucocorticoid receptor in vitro nor does it confer glucocorticoid inducibility to a fusion gene. Point mutations within the ERE decrease its affinity for the estrogen receptor and result in a complete loss of estrogen inducibility.read more
Citations
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Synergism of closely adjacent estrogen-responsive elements increases their regulatory potential.
TL;DR: Experiments on experiments that explain the estrogen regulation of the Xenopus vitellogenin B1 and B2 genes indicate that co-operative binding of estrogen receptors to closely adjacent EREs is not essential for synergism of ERE homologues that have no intrinsic regulatory capacity.
Journal ArticleDOI
The enigma of ceramide synthase regulation in mammalian cells
TL;DR: A résumé of the regulatory mechanisms for each CerS in mammalian cells and how dysregulation of these mechanisms during physiological processes may lead to pathophysiological processes is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differential Transcriptional Regulation of Rat Vasopressin Gene Expression by Estrogen Receptor α and β1
TL;DR: Deletion of 1.5 kb from the 5′ end or mutation of a single estrogen response element (ERE)-like sequence resulted in loss of estrogen-dependent induction by ERα and increased the ability of estrogen to inhibit the high constitutive activity of ERβ.
Journal ArticleDOI
Generic binding sites, generic DNA-binding domains: where does specific promoter recognition come from?
TL;DR: This review explores in a simple way how TFs coexpressed in the same cells and recognizing generic consensus sites with generic DNA‐binding domains can achieve a specific modulation of target gene expression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of an estrogen response element in the 3′-flanking region of the murine c-fos protooncogene
TL;DR: The 3'-fos ERE sequence may be a major cis-acting element involved in the physiological regulation of the gene by estrogens in vivo and Gel-shift experiments demonstrated that synthetic oligonucleotides containing either the consensus ERE or the c-fos element bind human estrogen receptor obtained from a yeast expression system.
References
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