A 13 bp palindrome is a functional estrogen responsive element and interacts specifically with estrogen receptor
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TLDR
This work has defined the 13 bp palindrome GGTCACAGTGACC as a minimal functional estrogen responsive element (ERE), which binds estrogen receptor preferentially in vitro and point mutations within the ERE decrease its affinity for the estrogen receptor and result in a complete loss of estrogen inducibility.Abstract:
Sequences located upstream of the transcription initiation site of the Xenopus vitellogenin A2 (vit A2) gene contain a hormone dependent enhancer that confers estrogen control to the heterologous thymidine kinase (tk) promoter. As a minimal functional estrogen responsive element (ERE), we have defined the 13 bp palindrome GGTCACAGTGACC. This ERE binds estrogen receptor preferentially in vitro. Although the ERE shares some structural features with the glucocorticoid responsive element (GRE) it is distinct from this element since it neither binds glucocorticoid receptor in vitro nor does it confer glucocorticoid inducibility to a fusion gene. Point mutations within the ERE decrease its affinity for the estrogen receptor and result in a complete loss of estrogen inducibility.read more
Citations
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Identification of the sequences within the human complement 3 promoter required for estrogen responsiveness provides insight into the mechanism of tamoxifen mixed agonist activity.
TL;DR: The fact that purified ER can bind directly to the estrogen-responsive sequences within the C3 promoter, and that tamoxifen activity on this promoter is unaffected by AP-1 coexpression, indicates that at least on some promoters tamoxIFen can manifest partial agonist activity through a classical ER/ ERE- mediated mechanism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of primary and secondary estrogen target gene regulation in breast cancer cells
TL;DR: Primary estrogen targets were particularly enriched in sites for E2F family members, several of which were transcriptionally regulated by estradiol, consistent with a major role of these factors in mediating the effects of estrogens on gene expression and cellular growth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endocrine Resistance in Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer-From Mechanism to Therapy.
TL;DR: In this review, current progress in understanding of ER biology and the molecular mechanisms that predispose and determine endocrine resistance in breast cancer patients are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bidirectional Transcription Regulation of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein by Estradiol in Vivo and in Vitro
TL;DR: It is concluded that estrogen may act directly upon astrocytes by estrogen receptor binding, and that the direction of the transcriptional response is influenced byAstrocyte-neuron interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
From Pregnancy to Preeclampsia: A Key Role for Estrogens.
Nadia Berkane,Philippe Liere,Jean-Paul Oudinet,Alexandre Hertig,Guillaume Lefevre,Nicola Pluchino,Michael Schumacher,Nathalie Chabbert-Buffet,Nathalie Chabbert-Buffet +8 more
TL;DR: A close link between estrogen dysregulation and PE occurrence might validate estrogen levels as a biomarker but could also reveal a potential approach for prevention or cure of PE.
References
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