A framework for the development of effective anti-metastatic agents.
Robin L. Anderson,Robin L. Anderson,Theo Balasas,Juliana Callaghan,R. Charles Coombes,Jeff Evans,Jacqueline A. Hall,Sally A. Kinrade,David Jones,Paul S. Jones,Robert Jones,John Marshall,Maria Beatrice Panico,Jacqui Shaw,Patricia S. Steeg,Mark T. Sullivan,Warwick Tong,Andrew D. Westwell,James W. A. Ritchie +18 more
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TLDR
The challenges associated with discovering and developing anticancer agents designed specifically to prevent or delay the metastatic outgrowth of cancer are described and guidance on how these challenges might be overcome is provided.Abstract:
Most cancer-related deaths are a result of metastasis, and thus the importance of this process as a target of therapy cannot be understated. By asking ‘how can we effectively treat cancer?’, we do not capture the complexity of a disease encompassing >200 different cancer types — many consisting of multiple subtypes — with considerable intratumoural heterogeneity, which can result in variable responses to a specific therapy. Moreover, we have much less information on the pathophysiological characteristics of metastases than is available for the primary tumour. Most disseminated tumour cells that arrive in distant tissues, surrounded by unfamiliar cells and a foreign microenvironment, are likely to die; however, those that survive can generate metastatic tumours with a markedly different biology from that of the primary tumour. To treat metastasis effectively, we must inhibit fundamental metastatic processes and develop specific preclinical and clinical strategies that do not rely on primary tumour responses. To address this crucial issue, Cancer Research UK and Cancer Therapeutics CRC Australia formed a Metastasis Working Group with representatives from not-for-profit, academic, government, industry and regulatory bodies in order to develop recommendations on how to tackle the challenges associated with treating (micro)metastatic disease. Herein, we describe the challenges identified as well as the proposed approaches for discovering and developing anticancer agents designed specifically to prevent or delay the metastatic outgrowth of cancer.read more
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In vitro Cell Migration, Invasion, and Adhesion Assays: From Cell Imaging to Data Analysis.
Jordi Pijuan,Carla Barceló,David Moreno,Oscar Maiques,Pol Sisó,Rosa M. Martí,Anna Macià,Anaïs Panosa +7 more
TL;DR: Four in vitro protocols that describe step-by-step cell migration, invasion and adhesion strategies and their corresponding image data quantification are presented, providing orthogonal information that can be used either individually or collectively in many different experimental setups.
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The Role of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils in Colorectal Cancer
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Understanding cachexia in the context of metastatic progression.
TL;DR: This Perspective discusses the development of cachexia in the context of cancer progression, providing insight into how circulating factors contribute to this syndrome, and exploring how signals involved in metastasis can potentially amplify cachexia development.
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The role of mouse tumour models in the discovery and development of anticancer drugs.
TL;DR: A review of the range of models available for the discovery and development of anticancer drugs, from traditional subcutaneous injection of tumour cell lines to mice genetically engineered to spontaneously give rise to tumours to describe how these models reflect the underlying cancer biology and how well they predict efficacy in the clinic.
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Reversing cold tumors to hot: An immunoadjuvant-functionalized metal-organic framework for multimodal imaging-guided synergistic photo-immunotherapy.
Zhijin Fan,Hongxing Liu,Yaohua Xue,Jingyan Lin,Yu Fu,Zhaohua Xia,Dongming Pan,Jian Zhang,Kun Qiao,Zhenzhen Zhang,Yuhui Liao +10 more
TL;DR: A multimodal imaging-guided synergistic cancer photoimmunotherapy by employing a specific MOF (MIL101-NH2) as the core carrier that significantly enhanced tumor cytotoxicity and achieved high cure rates with minimal side-effects is constructed.
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