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Journal ArticleDOI

Bone marrow cells adopt the phenotype of other cells by spontaneous cell fusion

TLDR
It is demonstrated that mouse bone marrow cells can fuse spontaneously with embryonic stem cells in culture in vitro that contains interleukin-3, which, without detailed genetic analysis, might be interpreted as ‘dedifferentiation’ or transdifferentiation.
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that transplanted bone marrow cells can turn into unexpected lineages including myocytes, hepatocytes, neurons and many others. A potential problem, however, is that reports discussing such 'transdifferentiation' in vivo tend to conclude donor origin of transdifferentiated cells on the basis of the existence of donor-specific genes such as Y-chromosome markers. Here we demonstrate that mouse bone marrow cells can fuse spontaneously with embryonic stem cells in culture in vitro that contains interleukin-3. Moreover, spontaneously fused bone marrow cells can subsequently adopt the phenotype of the recipient cells, which, without detailed genetic analysis, might be interpreted as 'dedifferentiation' or transdifferentiation.

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Enrichment of hepatocytes differentiated from mouse embryonic stem cells as a transplantable source.

TL;DR: The elimination of undifferentiated cells from the EBs provides transplantable cells for liver failure without tumorigenicity and when the ES–cell-derived hepatocytes were transplanted into a CCl4-injured liver, the liver function was subsequently improved.
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FOXF1 mediates mesenchymal stem cell fusion-induced reprogramming of lung cancer cells

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that MSCs fuse spontaneously with lung cancer cells, and the latter is reprogrammed to slow growth and stem-like state and identified FOXF1 as a reprogramming mediator that contributes not only to the reprograming toward stemness but also to the p21-regulated growth suppression in fusion progeny.
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Regenerative capacity of the myocardium: implications for treatment of heart failure

TL;DR: A virtual case report of a patient with acute myocardial infarction is presented and treatment options are discussed, including strategies aimed at organ regeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI

An overview and synopsis of techniques for directing stem cell differentiation in vitro.

TL;DR: In vitro differentiation of stem cells, prior to transplantation in vivo, would also avoid spontaneous differentiation into undesired lineages at the transplantation site, as well as reduce the risk of teratoma formation, in the case of embryonic stem cells.
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Horizontal transfer of tumor DNA to endothelial cells in vivo.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that fibroblasts and endothelial cells are capable of acquiring and replicating tumor DNA when the apoptotic tumor cells contain the SV40 large T antigen and concomitant transfer of tumor DNA with genes that inactivate the p53 pathway could overcome the barrier to tumor DNA propagation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Multilineage Potential of Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

TL;DR: Adult stem cells isolated from marrow aspirates of volunteer donors could be induced to differentiate exclusively into the adipocytic, chondrocytic, or osteocytic lineages.
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Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells

TL;DR: The birth of lambs from differentiated fetal and adult cells confirms that differentiation of that cell did not involve the irreversible modification of genetic material required for development to term and reinforces previous speculation that by inducing donor cells to become quiescent it will be possible to obtain normal development from a wide variety of differentiated cells.
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Formation of Pluripotent Stem Cells in the Mammalian Embryo Depends on the POU Transcription Factor Oct4

TL;DR: It is reported that the activity of Oct4 is essential for the identity of the pluripotential founder cell population in the mammalian embryo and also determines paracrine growth factor signaling from stem cells to the trophectoderm.
Journal ArticleDOI

Muscle Regeneration by Bone Marrow-Derived Myogenic Progenitors

TL;DR: Transplantation of genetically marked bone marrow into immunodeficient mice revealed that marrow-derived cells migrate into areas of induced muscle degeneration, undergo myogenic differentiation, and participate in the regeneration of the damaged fibers.
Journal ArticleDOI

Multi-Organ, Multi-Lineage Engraftment by a Single Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cell

TL;DR: It is shown that rare cells that home to bone marrow can LTR primary and secondary recipients, and this finding may contribute to clinical treatment of genetic disease or tissue repair.
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