Journal ArticleDOI
Fragility of epidermis in newborns, children and adolescents
Ulrike Blume-Peytavi,Jerry Tan,Dominique Tennstedt,Franck Boralevi,Gabriella Fabbrocini,Antonio Torrelo,R. Soares-Oliveira,Marek Haftek,Ana B. Rossi,M.-D. Thouvenin,J. Mangold,M.F. Galliano,H. Hernandez-Pigeon,M.F. Aries,C. Rouvrais,S. Bessou-Touya,Hélène Duplan,N. Castex-Rizzi,Valérie Mengeaud,P.J. Ferret,E. Clouet,M. Saint Aroman,C. Carrasco,C. Coutanceau,B. Guiraud,S. Boyal,Anne Herman,H. Delga,Krysta Biniek,Reinhold H. Dauskardt +29 more
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TLDR
Within their first days of life, newborns’ skin undergoes various adaptation processes needed to accommodate the transition from the wet uterine environment to the dry atmosphere.Abstract:
Within their first days of life, newborns' skin undergoes various adaptation processes needed to accommodate the transition from the wet uterine environment to the dry atmosphere. The skin of newborns and infants is considered as a physiological fragile skin, a skin with lower resistance to aggressions. Fragile skin is divided into four categories up to its origin: physiological fragile skin (age, location), pathological fragile skin (acute and chronic), circumstantial fragile skin (due to environmental extrinsic factors or intrinsic factors such as stress) and iatrogenic fragile skin. Extensive research of the past 10 years have proven evidence that at birth albeit showing a nearly perfect appearance, newborn skin is structurally and functionally immature compared to adult skin undergoing a physiological maturation process after birth at least throughout the first year of life. This article is an overview of all known data about fragility of epidermis in 'fragile populations': newborns, children and adolescents. It includes the recent pathological, pathophysiological and clinical data about fragility of epidermis in various dermatological diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, acne, rosacea, contact dermatitis, irritative dermatitis and focus on UV protection.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Common loss-of-function variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis
Colin N. A. Palmer,Alan D. Irvine,Ana Terron-Kwiatkowski,Yiwei Zhao,Haihui Liao,Simon P. Lee,David Goudie,Aileen Sandilands,Linda E. Campbell,Frances J.D. Smith,Grainne M. O'Regan,Rosemarie Watson,Jo E Cecil,Sherri J. Bale,John G. Compton,John J. DiGiovanna,John J. DiGiovanna,Philip Fleckman,Sue Lewis-Jones,Gehan Arseculeratne,Ann Sergeant,Colin S. Munro,Brahim El Houate,Ken McElreavey,Liselotte Brydensholt Halkjaer,Hans Bisgaard,Somnath Mukhopadhyay,Somnath Mukhopadhyay,W.H. Irwin McLean +28 more
TL;DR: It is shown that two independent loss-of-function genetic variants (R510X and 2282del4) in the gene encoding filaggrin (FLG) are very strong predisposing factors for atopic dermatitis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Effect of Infections on Susceptibility to Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases
TL;DR: This review examines the evidence in support of the hygiene hypothesis and offers a number of mechanisms that could explain the relation between sanitary conditions and susceptibility to allergic and autoimmune diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Nrf2-Antioxidant Response Element Signaling Pathway and Its Activation by Oxidative Stress
TL;DR: A possible role of the Nrf2-antioxidant response element transcriptional pathway in neuroprotection and the nature of this pathway and the mechanisms by which Keap1 acts to repress NRF2 activity are the topics of discussion in this minireview.
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The prevalence of what
TL;DR: This issue of the NJP, three articles on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders are published and depression appeared to be on a continuum where ‘‘proxy’’ measures such as impairment and need for treatment were associated with the intensity of depressed mood.
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