Gender differences in the association of visceral and subcutaneous adiposity with adiponectin in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study
Aurelian Bidulescu,Jiankang Liu,DeMarc A. Hickson,DeMarc A. Hickson,Kristen G. Hairston,Ervin R. Fox,Donna K. Arnett,Anne E. Sumner,Herman A. Taylor,Herman A. Taylor,Gary H. Gibbons +10 more
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TLDR
The statistically significant inverse association of VAT and adiponectin persisted after additionally adjusting for SAT, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), suggesting that VAT provides significant information above and beyond BMI and WC.Abstract:
Adiponectin, paradoxically reduced in obesity and with lower levels in African Americans (AA), modulates several cardiometabolic risk factors. Because abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT), known to be reduced in AA, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) compartments may confer differential metabolic risk profiles, we investigated the associations of VAT and SAT with serum adiponectin, separately by gender, with the hypothesis that VAT is more strongly inversely associated with adiponectin than SAT. Participants from the Jackson Heart Study, an ongoing cohort of AA (n = 2,799; 64% women; mean age, 55 ± 11 years) underwent computer tomography assessment of SAT and VAT volumes, and had stored serum specimens analyzed for adiponectin levels. These levels were examined by gender in relation to increments of VAT and SAT. Compared to women, men had significantly lower mean levels of adiponectin (3.9 ± 3.0 μg/mL vs. 6.0 ± 4.4 μg/mL; p < 0.01) and mean volume of SAT (1,721 ± 803 cm3 vs. 2,668 ± 968 cm3; p < 0.01) but significantly higher mean volume of VAT (884 ± 416 cm3 vs. 801 ± 363 cm3; p < 0.01). Among women, a one standard deviation increment in VAT was inversely associated with adiponectin (β = − 0.13; p < 0.0001) after controlling for age, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, education, pack-years of smoking and daily intake of alcohol. The statistically significant inverse association of VAT and adiponectin persisted after additionally adjusting for SAT, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), suggesting that VAT provides significant information above and beyond BMI and WC. Among men, after the same multivariable adjustment, there was a direct association of SAT and adiponectin (β = 0.18; p = 0.002) that persisted when controlling for BMI and WC, supporting a beneficial effect of SAT. Insulin resistance mediated the association of SAT with adiponectin in women. In African Americans, abdominal visceral adipose tissue had an inverse association with serum adiponectin concentrations only among women. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue appeared as a protective fat depot in men.read more
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Adipose tissue dysfunction and visceral fat are associated to hepatic insulin resistance and severity of NASH even in lean individuals
C. Saponaro,S. Sabatini,Melania Gaggini,Fabrizia Carli,Chiara Rosso,Vincenzo Positano,Angelo Armandi,Gian Paolo Caviglia,Riccardo Faletti,Elisabetta Bugianesi,Amalia Gastaldelli +10 more
TL;DR: These findings propose VF as an early indicator of NAFLD independently of BMI, which may allow for evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies and suggest that VF accumulation, given its location close to the liver, is one of the major risk factors forNAFLD.
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Abdominal obesity and the risk of recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease after myocardial infarction.
Hanieh Mohammadi,Joel Ohm,Joel Ohm,Andrea Discacciati,Johan Sundström,Kristina Hambraeus,Tomas Jernberg,Per Svensson +7 more
TL;DR: Abdominal obesity was common in post-myocardial infarction patients and larger waist circumference was independently associated with recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, particularly in men.
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Obesity and synergistic risk factors for chronic kidney disease in African American adults: the Jackson Heart Study.
Robert E. Olivo,Clemontina A. Davenport,Clarissa J. Diamantidis,Nrupen A. Bhavsar,Crystal C. Tyson,Rasheeda K. Hall,Aurelian Bidulescu,Bessie A. Young,Stanford Mwasongwe,Jane F. Pendergast,L. Ebony Boulware,Julia J. Scialla +11 more
TL;DR: Higher risks associated with metabolically active visceral adipose volume and interactions with dietary quality suggest that metabolic factors may be key determinants of obesity-associated CKD risk.
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TL;DR: Various measures of adiposity are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and longitudinal studies of the relationship between body fat and aerobic fitness with cardiovascular and kidney disease progression are warranted.
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Individualized Knowledge Graph: A Viable Informatics Path to Precision Medicine
TL;DR: A vision of individualized Knowledge Graphs (iKGs) in cardiovascular medicine is presented: a modern informatics platform of exchange and inquiry that comprehensively integrates biological knowledge with medical histories and health outcomes of individual patients.
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