High-yield production of graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite
Yenny Hernandez,Valeria Nicolosi,Mustafa Lotya,Fiona M. Blighe,Zhenyu Sun,Sukanta De,I.T. McGovern,Brendan Holland,Michele T. Byrne,Yurii K. Gun'ko,John J. Boland,Peter Niraj,Georg S. Duesberg,Satheesh Krishnamurthy,Robbie Goodhue,John L. Hutchison,Vittorio Scardaci,Andrea C. Ferrari,Jonathan N. Coleman +18 more
TLDR
Graphene dispersions with concentrations up to approximately 0.01 mg ml(-1), produced by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone are demonstrated.Abstract:
Fully exploiting the properties of graphene will require a method for the mass production of this remarkable material. Two main routes are possible: large-scale growth or large-scale exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate graphene dispersions with concentrations up to approximately 0.01 mg ml(-1), produced by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone. This is possible because the energy required to exfoliate graphene is balanced by the solvent-graphene interaction for solvents whose surface energies match that of graphene. We confirm the presence of individual graphene sheets by Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. Our method results in a monolayer yield of approximately 1 wt%, which could potentially be improved to 7-12 wt% with further processing. The absence of defects or oxides is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron, infrared and Raman spectroscopies. We are able to produce semi-transparent conducting films and conducting composites. Solution processing of graphene opens up a range of potential large-area applications, from device and sensor fabrication to liquid-phase chemistry.read more
Citations
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Chemically converted graphene induced molecular flattening of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridinio)porphyrin and its application for optical detection of cadmium(II) ions.
TL;DR: The complex of TMPyP and CCG was used as an optical probe for rapid and selective detection of Cd(2+) ions in aqueous media and a large bathochromic shift of porphyrin Soret band was observed.
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2D Layered Double Hydroxides for Oxygen Evolution Reaction: From Fundamental Design to Application
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High-yield organic dispersions of unfunctionalized graphene.
TL;DR: This work reports a simple, high-yield, method of producing homogeneous dispersions of unfunctionalized and nonoxidized graphene nanosheets in ortho-dichlorobenzene (ODCB).
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent progress in covalent organic framework thin films: fabrications, applications and perspectives
Han Wang,Zhuotong Zeng,Piao Xu,Lianshan Li,Guangming Zeng,Rong Xiao,Zhiyong Tang,Danlian Huang,Lin Tang,Cui Lai,Danni Jiang,Yang Liu,Huan Yi,Lei Qin,Shujing Ye,Xiaoya Ren,Wangwang Tang +16 more
TL;DR: This critical review aims to provide the recent advances in the fabrication of COF thin films not only supported on substrates but also as free-standing nanosheets via both bottom-up and top-down strategies.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Graphene photonics and optoelectronics
TL;DR: In this article, the state of the art in this emerging field of research, focussing on flexible and transparent conductors, photoluminescence, photodetectors, nonlinear optics, and ultrafast lasers, is reviewed.
References
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TL;DR: Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments.
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Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene
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Andrea C. Ferrari,Jannik C. Meyer,Vittorio Scardaci,Cinzia Casiraghi,Michele Lazzeri,Francesco Mauri,S. Piscanec,Da Jiang,K. S. Novoselov,S. Roth,A. K. Geim +10 more
TL;DR: This work shows that graphene's electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers, and allows unambiguous, high-throughput, nondestructive identification of graphene layers, which is critically lacking in this emerging research area.
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Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide
Sasha Stankovich,Dmitriy A. Dikin,Richard D. Piner,Kevin A. Kohlhaas,Alfred Kleinhammes,Yuanyuan Jia,Yue Wu,SonBinh T. Nguyen,Rodney S. Ruoff +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a colloidal suspension of exfoliated graphene oxide sheets in water with hydrazine hydrate results in their aggregation and subsequent formation of a high surface area carbon material which consists of thin graphene-based sheets.