High-yield production of graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite
Yenny Hernandez,Valeria Nicolosi,Mustafa Lotya,Fiona M. Blighe,Zhenyu Sun,Sukanta De,I.T. McGovern,Brendan Holland,Michele T. Byrne,Yurii K. Gun'ko,John J. Boland,Peter Niraj,Georg S. Duesberg,Satheesh Krishnamurthy,Robbie Goodhue,John L. Hutchison,Vittorio Scardaci,Andrea C. Ferrari,Jonathan N. Coleman +18 more
TLDR
Graphene dispersions with concentrations up to approximately 0.01 mg ml(-1), produced by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone are demonstrated.Abstract:
Fully exploiting the properties of graphene will require a method for the mass production of this remarkable material. Two main routes are possible: large-scale growth or large-scale exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate graphene dispersions with concentrations up to approximately 0.01 mg ml(-1), produced by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone. This is possible because the energy required to exfoliate graphene is balanced by the solvent-graphene interaction for solvents whose surface energies match that of graphene. We confirm the presence of individual graphene sheets by Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. Our method results in a monolayer yield of approximately 1 wt%, which could potentially be improved to 7-12 wt% with further processing. The absence of defects or oxides is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron, infrared and Raman spectroscopies. We are able to produce semi-transparent conducting films and conducting composites. Solution processing of graphene opens up a range of potential large-area applications, from device and sensor fabrication to liquid-phase chemistry.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Preparation and properties of a graphene reinforced nanocomposite conducting plate
Min-Chien Hsiao,Shu-Hang Liao,Ming-Yu Yen,Chih-Chun Teng,Shie-Heng Lee,Nen-Wen Pu,Chung-An Wang,Yuh Sung,Ming-Der Ger,Chen-Chi M. Ma,Min-Hsuan Hsiao +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, a novel nanocomposite conducting plate (CP) reinforced by graphene at a low weight fraction percentage, and compared the properties of this novel CP with those containing various weight fractions of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) (0.2, 0.5, and 1 phr).
Journal ArticleDOI
Polymeric carbon nitrides and related metal-free materials for energy and environmental applications
TL;DR: Carbon nitride polymers have emerged as a new class of materials for a wide range of applications such as photo and electro-catalysis, sensors, bioimaging and more due to their chemical, photophysical and catalytic properties as well as their low-price, facile synthesis and high stability under harsh chemical conditions as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Production of High-Concentration Graphene Dispersions in Low-Boiling-Point Organic Solvents by Liquid-Phase Noncovalent Exfoliation of Graphite with a Hyperbranched Polyethylene and Formation of Graphene/Ethylene Copolymer Composites
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the successful production of stable high-concentration graphene dispersions in low-boiling point, low-polarity conventional organic solvents (chloroform and THF) by liquid-phase noncovalent exfoliation of graphite assisted with a hyperbranched polyethylene (HBPE) as the stabilizer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microwave absorption properties of double-layer absorbers based on Co0.2Ni0.4Zn0.4Fe2O4 ferrite and reduced graphene oxide composites
Peijiang Liu,Peijiang Liu,Vincent Ming Hong Ng,Zhengjun Yao,Jintang Zhou,Yiming Lei,Zhihong Yang,Ling Bing Kong +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the microwave absorption properties of single-layer and double-layer absorbers based on Co 0.2 Ni 0.4 Zn 0. 4 Fe 2 O 4 (CNZF) ferrite and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Facile Synthesis of Wide‐Bandgap Fluorinated Graphene Semiconductors
Haixin Chang,Haixin Chang,Jinsheng Cheng,Xuqing Liu,Junfeng Gao,Mingjian Li,Jinghong Li,Xiaoming Tao,Feng Ding,Zijian Zheng +9 more
TL;DR: Experimental and theoretical results show that the bandgap of F-graphene is largely dependent on the F coverage and configuration, and thereby can be tuned over a very wide range.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
Kostya S. Novoselov,Andre K. Geim,Sergey V. Morozov,Da Jiang,Y. Zhang,S. V. Dubonos,Irina V. Grigorieva,A. A. Firsov +7 more
TL;DR: Monocrystalline graphitic films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect.
Journal ArticleDOI
The rise of graphene
TL;DR: Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene
Kostya S. Novoselov,A. K. Geim,Sergey V. Morozov,Da Jiang,Mikhail I. Katsnelson,Irina V. Grigorieva,S. V. Dubonos,A. A. Firsov +7 more
TL;DR: This study reports an experimental study of a condensed-matter system (graphene, a single atomic layer of carbon) in which electron transport is essentially governed by Dirac's (relativistic) equation and reveals a variety of unusual phenomena that are characteristic of two-dimensional Dirac fermions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers.
Andrea C. Ferrari,Jannik C. Meyer,Vittorio Scardaci,Cinzia Casiraghi,Michele Lazzeri,Francesco Mauri,S. Piscanec,Da Jiang,K. S. Novoselov,S. Roth,A. K. Geim +10 more
TL;DR: This work shows that graphene's electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers, and allows unambiguous, high-throughput, nondestructive identification of graphene layers, which is critically lacking in this emerging research area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide
Sasha Stankovich,Dmitriy A. Dikin,Richard D. Piner,Kevin A. Kohlhaas,Alfred Kleinhammes,Yuanyuan Jia,Yue Wu,SonBinh T. Nguyen,Rodney S. Ruoff +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a colloidal suspension of exfoliated graphene oxide sheets in water with hydrazine hydrate results in their aggregation and subsequent formation of a high surface area carbon material which consists of thin graphene-based sheets.