High-yield production of graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite
Yenny Hernandez,Valeria Nicolosi,Mustafa Lotya,Fiona M. Blighe,Zhenyu Sun,Sukanta De,I.T. McGovern,Brendan Holland,Michele T. Byrne,Yurii K. Gun'ko,John J. Boland,Peter Niraj,Georg S. Duesberg,Satheesh Krishnamurthy,Robbie Goodhue,John L. Hutchison,Vittorio Scardaci,Andrea C. Ferrari,Jonathan N. Coleman +18 more
TLDR
Graphene dispersions with concentrations up to approximately 0.01 mg ml(-1), produced by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone are demonstrated.Abstract:
Fully exploiting the properties of graphene will require a method for the mass production of this remarkable material. Two main routes are possible: large-scale growth or large-scale exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate graphene dispersions with concentrations up to approximately 0.01 mg ml(-1), produced by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone. This is possible because the energy required to exfoliate graphene is balanced by the solvent-graphene interaction for solvents whose surface energies match that of graphene. We confirm the presence of individual graphene sheets by Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. Our method results in a monolayer yield of approximately 1 wt%, which could potentially be improved to 7-12 wt% with further processing. The absence of defects or oxides is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron, infrared and Raman spectroscopies. We are able to produce semi-transparent conducting films and conducting composites. Solution processing of graphene opens up a range of potential large-area applications, from device and sensor fabrication to liquid-phase chemistry.read more
Citations
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Flexible gigahertz transistors derived from solution-based single-layer graphene
Cedric Sire,Florence Ardiaca,Sylvie Lepilliet,Jung Woo T. Seo,Mark C. Hersam,Gilles Dambrine,Henri Happy,Vincent Derycke +7 more
TL;DR: Graphene flexible transistors at gigahertz frequencies are conducted, and it is shown that solution-based single-layer graphene ideally combines the required properties to achieve high speed flexible electronics on plastic substrates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Graphene for impedimetric biosensing
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss recent advances of graphene-based platforms for impedimetric genosensors and immunoensors, and provide an overview on EIS and the preparation of graphene by different methods, which exhibit strong influence upon the function of the biosensor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Screen-Printing of a Highly Conductive Graphene Ink for Flexible Printed Electronics
Pei He,Pei He,Jianyun Cao,Hui Ding,Chongguang Liu,Joseph Neilson,Zheling Li,Ian A. Kinloch,Brian Derby +8 more
TL;DR: A highly conductive, low cost and super flexible ink based on graphene nanoplatelets is reported, which potentially provides a promising route towards the large-scale fabrication of low cost yet flexible printed electronic devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
3D silver nanoparticles with multilayer graphene oxide as a spacer for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis.
Zhen Li,Shouzhen Jiang,Yanyan Huo,Tingyin Ning,Aihua Liu,Chao Zhang,Yuan He,Minghong Wang,Chonghui Li,Baoyuan Man +9 more
TL;DR: It was found that the SERS effect increased as the number of Ag NP layers increased, and showed almost no change for more than four layers, and the highly sensitive detection of molecules such as malachite green was demonstrated for food safety inspection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conducting Nanomaterial Sensor Using Natural Receptors
TL;DR: This Review discusses biosensors with natural receptors and then especially focuses on natural receptor-conjugated conducting nanomaterial sensors, which have a wide range of industries, such as food, cosmetics, and healthcare.
References
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Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
Kostya S. Novoselov,Andre K. Geim,Sergey V. Morozov,Da Jiang,Y. Zhang,S. V. Dubonos,Irina V. Grigorieva,A. A. Firsov +7 more
TL;DR: Monocrystalline graphitic films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect.
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The rise of graphene
TL;DR: Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene
Kostya S. Novoselov,A. K. Geim,Sergey V. Morozov,Da Jiang,Mikhail I. Katsnelson,Irina V. Grigorieva,S. V. Dubonos,A. A. Firsov +7 more
TL;DR: This study reports an experimental study of a condensed-matter system (graphene, a single atomic layer of carbon) in which electron transport is essentially governed by Dirac's (relativistic) equation and reveals a variety of unusual phenomena that are characteristic of two-dimensional Dirac fermions.
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Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers.
Andrea C. Ferrari,Jannik C. Meyer,Vittorio Scardaci,Cinzia Casiraghi,Michele Lazzeri,Francesco Mauri,S. Piscanec,Da Jiang,K. S. Novoselov,S. Roth,A. K. Geim +10 more
TL;DR: This work shows that graphene's electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers, and allows unambiguous, high-throughput, nondestructive identification of graphene layers, which is critically lacking in this emerging research area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide
Sasha Stankovich,Dmitriy A. Dikin,Richard D. Piner,Kevin A. Kohlhaas,Alfred Kleinhammes,Yuanyuan Jia,Yue Wu,SonBinh T. Nguyen,Rodney S. Ruoff +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a colloidal suspension of exfoliated graphene oxide sheets in water with hydrazine hydrate results in their aggregation and subsequent formation of a high surface area carbon material which consists of thin graphene-based sheets.