Integrating pests and pathogens into the climate change/food security debate
TLDR
More mechanistic inclusion of pests and pathogen effects in crop models would lead to more realistic predictions of crop production on a regional scale and thereby assist in the development of more robust regional food security policies.Abstract:
While many studies have demonstrated the sensitivities of plants and of crop yield to a changing climate, a major challenge for the agricultural research community is to relate these findings to the broader societal concern with food security. This paper reviews the direct effects of climate on both crop growth and yield and on plant pests and pathogens and the interactions that may occur between crops, pests, and pathogens under changed climate. Finally, we consider the contribution that better understanding of the roles of pests and pathogens in crop production systems might make to enhanced food security. Evidence for the measured climate change on crops and their associated pests and pathogens is starting to be documented. Globally atmospheric [CO(2)] has increased, and in northern latitudes mean temperature at many locations has increased by about 1.0-1.4 degrees C with accompanying changes in pest and pathogen incidence and to farming practices. Many pests and pathogens exhibit considerable capacity for generating, recombining, and selecting fit combinations of variants in key pathogenicity, fitness, and aggressiveness traits that there is little doubt that any new opportunities resulting from climate change will be exploited by them. However, the interactions between crops and pests and pathogens are complex and poorly understood in the context of climate change. More mechanistic inclusion of pests and pathogen effects in crop models would lead to more realistic predictions of crop production on a regional scale and thereby assist in the development of more robust regional food security policies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Estimating Pesticide Inputs and Yield Outputs of Conventional and Organic Agricultural Systems in Europe under Climate Change
TL;DR: In this paper, a process-based crop-pest model (Pest-EPIC) was used to simulate conventional and organic agriculture in the European Union for the years 1995-2100.
Journal ArticleDOI
Agronomic approach to understanding climate change and food security
Journal ArticleDOI
Threats to food sufficiency among smallholder farmers in Choma, Zambia
TL;DR: In this article, food insufficiency among smallholder farmers in Choma, Zambia, was investigated by using post-harvest agricultural data collected from the Central Statistics Office while a survey of 319 small-holder farmers and eight key informants provided data on mean annual household maize requirements and crop preference.
Dissertation
The potential impacts of climate change on diseases affecting strawberries and the UK strawberry industry
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of climate change on plant disease is an important concern for the UK strawberry sector, and tools from natural and social science are used in this interdisciplinary study in an innovative way to assess potential impacts.
References
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