Integrating pests and pathogens into the climate change/food security debate
TLDR
More mechanistic inclusion of pests and pathogen effects in crop models would lead to more realistic predictions of crop production on a regional scale and thereby assist in the development of more robust regional food security policies.Abstract:
While many studies have demonstrated the sensitivities of plants and of crop yield to a changing climate, a major challenge for the agricultural research community is to relate these findings to the broader societal concern with food security. This paper reviews the direct effects of climate on both crop growth and yield and on plant pests and pathogens and the interactions that may occur between crops, pests, and pathogens under changed climate. Finally, we consider the contribution that better understanding of the roles of pests and pathogens in crop production systems might make to enhanced food security. Evidence for the measured climate change on crops and their associated pests and pathogens is starting to be documented. Globally atmospheric [CO(2)] has increased, and in northern latitudes mean temperature at many locations has increased by about 1.0-1.4 degrees C with accompanying changes in pest and pathogen incidence and to farming practices. Many pests and pathogens exhibit considerable capacity for generating, recombining, and selecting fit combinations of variants in key pathogenicity, fitness, and aggressiveness traits that there is little doubt that any new opportunities resulting from climate change will be exploited by them. However, the interactions between crops and pests and pathogens are complex and poorly understood in the context of climate change. More mechanistic inclusion of pests and pathogen effects in crop models would lead to more realistic predictions of crop production on a regional scale and thereby assist in the development of more robust regional food security policies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Facing global change: the millennium challenge for plant scientists
Veronica Basso,Maíra de Freitas Pereira,François Maillard,Julieta Mallerman,Lauralie Mangeot-Peter,Feng Zhang,Clémence Bonnot +6 more
Book ChapterDOI
Ecosystem Services, Climate Change, and Food Security
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discussed the food security issues in developing countries within arid and semi-arid regions, and proposed some actions, government initiatives, and some suggestions to overcome this global crisis.
Dissertation
Population structure of Magnaporthe oryzae from different geographic regions and interaction transcriptomes with rice genotypes at high temperature
TL;DR: The differential reaction of Pi54 in the two backgrounds suggests that genetic factors other than Pi54 determine the resistance response, and further indicates that the genetic background of japonica rice facilitates the function of Pi 54 more than the background of indica rice.
DissertationDOI
The Molecular Basis of Pasteuria-nematode Interactions Using Closely Related Bacillus spp.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of enriched CO2 fumigation effects on plant-insect interaction: feeding behaviour and growth of early and late instar larvae of the cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
S.A. Abu ElEla,Wael M. ElSayed +1 more
TL;DR: Differences in growth responses of early and late instar larvae to lower nitrogen and high-CO2 grown foliage may be due to the inability of early instars to efficiently process the increased flow of food through the gut caused by additional consumption of high CO2 foliage.
References
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