Open Access
Mechanisms and models of somatic cell reprogramming
TLDR
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (Jerome and Florence Brill Graduate Student Fellowship) as discussed by the authors ) was the first recipient of the WBIR grant. But this work was performed in a supervised setting.Abstract:
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (Jerome and Florence Brill Graduate Student Fellowship)read more
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Cellular senescence: from growth arrest to immunogenic conversion.
TL;DR: The role of DNA damage in regulating an immunogenic response in senescent cells is discussed, in addition to discussing less established “atypical” senescent states that may occur independent ofDNA damage.
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Autophagy and mTORC1 regulate the stochastic phase of somatic cell reprogramming
Yasong Wu,Yuan Li,Hui Zhang,Yinghua Huang,Ping Zhao,Yujia Tang,Xiaohui Qiu,Yue Ying,Wen Li,Su Ni,Meng Zhang,Longqi Liu,Yan Xu,Qiang Zhuang,Zhiwei Luo,Christina Benda,Hong Song,Baohua Liu,Liangxue Lai,Xingguo Liu,Hung-Fat Tse,Xichen Bao,Wai-Yee Chan,Miguel A. Esteban,Baoming Qin,Duanqing Pei +25 more
TL;DR: A complex signalling network involving mTORC1 inhibition and autophagy induction in the early phase of reprograming, whose delicate balance ultimately determines reprogramming efficiency is revealed.
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Low oxygen atmosphere facilitates proliferation and maintains undifferentiated state of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in an hypoxia inducible factor-dependent manner
Katarzyna Drela,Anna Sarnowska,Patrycja Siedlecka,Ilona Szablowska-Gadomska,Miroslaw Wielgos,Marcin Jurga,Barbara Lukomska,Krystyna Domanska-Janik +7 more
TL;DR: A physiologically relevant microenvironment of 5% O2 rejuvenates WJ-MSC culture toward less-differentiated, more primitive and faster-growing phenotypes with involvement of HIF-1α and Hif-2α-mediated and TSA-sensitive chromatin modification mechanisms.
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Hierarchical Oct4 Binding in Concert with Primed Epigenetic Rearrangements during Somatic Cell Reprogramming.
Jun Chen,Jun Chen,Xiao-Long Chen,Min Li,Xiaoyu Liu,Yawei Gao,Xiaochen Kou,Yanhong Zhao,Weisheng Zheng,Xiaobai Zhang,Yi Huo,Chuan Chen,You Wu,Hong Wang,Cizhong Jiang,Shaorong Gao +15 more
TL;DR: The core pluripotency factor Oct4 plays key roles in somatic cell reprogramming through transcriptional control and both epigenetic remodeling and Oct4 binding contribute to the hyperdynamic enhancer signature transitions.
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The "virgin birth", polyploidy, and the origin of cancer.
Jekaterina Erenpreisa,Kristine Salmina,Anda Huna,Thomas R. Jackson,Alejandro Vazquez-Martin,Mark S. Cragg +5 more
TL;DR: This review attempts to reconcile seemingly conflicting data by viewing cancer as a pre-programmed phylogenetic life-cycle-like process, and suggests alternative treatments may be more efficacious - either those that suppress the endopolyploidy-associated ‘life cycle’ or, those that cause reversion of embryonal malignant cells into benign counterparts.
References
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Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors.
TL;DR: Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic or adult fibroblasts by introducing four factors, Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4, under ES cell culture conditions is demonstrated and iPS cells, designated iPS, exhibit the morphology and growth properties of ES cells and express ES cell marker genes.
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Model-based Analysis of ChIP-Seq (MACS)
Yong Zhang,Tao Liu,Clifford A. Meyer,Jérôme Eeckhoute,David S. Johnson,Bradley E. Bernstein,Bradley E. Bernstein,Chad Nusbaum,Richard M. Myers,Myles Brown,Wei Li,X. Shirley Liu +11 more
TL;DR: This work presents Model-based Analysis of ChIP-Seq data, MACS, which analyzes data generated by short read sequencers such as Solexa's Genome Analyzer, and uses a dynamic Poisson distribution to effectively capture local biases in the genome, allowing for more robust predictions.
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Core transcriptional regulatory circuitry in human embryonic stem cells.
Laurie A. Boyer,Tong Ihn Lee,Megan F. Cole,Sarah E. Johnstone,Stuart S. Levine,Jacob P. Zucker,Matthew G. Guenther,Roshan M. Kumar,Heather L. Murray,Richard G. Jenner,David K. Gifford,David K. Gifford,David K. Gifford,Douglas A. Melton,Douglas A. Melton,Rudolf Jaenisch,Richard A. Young,Richard A. Young +17 more
TL;DR: Insight is provided into the transcriptional regulation of stem cells and how OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG contribute to pluripotency and self-renewal and how they collaborate to form regulatory circuitry consisting of autoregulatory and feedforward loops.
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Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Adult Human Fibroblasts by Defined Factors
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Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells without Myc from mouse and human fibroblasts
Masato Nakagawa,Michiyo Koyanagi,Koji Tanabe,Kazutoshi Takahashi,Tomoko Ichisaka,Takashi Aoi,Keisuke Okita,Yuji Mochiduki,Nanako Takizawa,Shinya Yamanaka +9 more
TL;DR: A modified protocol for the generation of iPS cells that does not require the Myc retrovirus is described and, with this protocol, significantly fewer non-iPS background cells are obtained, and theiPS cells generated were consistently of high quality.