Journal ArticleDOI
Microfluidic Platform for Controlled Synthesis of Polymeric Nanoparticles
Rohit Karnik,Frank X. Gu,Pamela Basto,Christopher Cannizzaro,Lindsey Dean,William Kyei-Manu,Robert Langer,Omid C. Farokhzad +7 more
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This work used rapid and tunable mixing through hydrodynamic flow focusing in microfluidic channels to control nanoprecipitation of poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid)- b-poly(ethylene glycol) diblock copolymers as a model polymeric biomaterial for drug delivery.Abstract:
A central challenge in the development of drug-encapsulated polymeric nanoparticles is the inability to control the mixing processes required for their synthesis resulting in variable nanoparticle physicochemical properties. Nanoparticles may be developed by mixing and nanoprecipitation of polymers and drugs dissolved in organic solvents with nonsolvents. We used rapid and tunable mixing through hydrodynamic flow focusing in microfluidic channels to control nanoprecipitation of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) diblock copolymers as a model polymeric biomaterial for drug delivery. We demonstrate that by varying (1) flow rates, (2) polymer composition, and (3) polymer concentration we can optimize the size, improve polydispersity, and control drug loading and release of the resulting nanoparticles. This work suggests that microfluidics may find applications for the development and optimization of polymeric nanoparticles in the newly emerging field of nanomedicine.read more
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Cancer nanomedicine: progress, challenges and opportunities.
TL;DR: Novel engineering approaches are discussed that capitalize on the growing understanding of tumour biology and nano–bio interactions to develop more effective nanotherapeutics for cancer patients.
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PEGylation as a strategy for improving nanoparticle-based drug and gene delivery
TL;DR: The history of the development of PEGylated nanoparticle formulations for systemic administration is described, including how factors such as PEG molecular weight, PEG surface density, nanoparticle core properties, and repeated administration impact circulation time.
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Cancer Nanotechnology: The impact of passive and active targeting in the era of modern cancer biology
TL;DR: The fundamental concepts of enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR) are revisited and the mechanisms proposed to enhance preferential "retention" in the tumor, whether using active targeting of nanoparticles, binding of drugs to their tumoral targets or the presence of tumor associated macrophages are explored.
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Degradable Controlled-Release Polymers and Polymeric Nanoparticles: Mechanisms of Controlling Drug Release
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The Next Generation of Platinum Drugs: Targeted Pt(II) Agents, Nanoparticle Delivery, and Pt(IV) Prodrugs
TL;DR: Recently, there has been a surge of activity, based on a great deal of mechanistic information, aimed at developing nonclassical platinum complexes that operate via mechanisms of action distinct from those of the approved drugs as mentioned in this paper.
References
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Opsonization, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of polymeric nanoparticles
TL;DR: This work has shown that addition of PEG and PEG-containing copolymers to the surface of nanoparticles results in an increase in the blood circulation half-life of the particles by several orders of magnitude, and creates a hydrophilic protective layer around the nanoparticles that is able to repel the absorption of opsonin proteins via steric repulsion forces.
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Biodegradable long-circulating polymeric nanospheres
Ruxandra Gref,Yoshiharu Minamitake,Maria Teresa Peracchia,Vladimir S. Trubetskoy,Vladimir P. Torchilin,Robert Langer +5 more
TL;DR: Monodisperse biodegradable nanospheres were developed from amphiphilic copolymers composed of two biocompatible blocks and exhibited dramatically increased blood circulation times and reduced liver accumulation in mice.
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Formation of dispersions using “flow focusing” in microchannels
TL;DR: In this paper, a flow-focusing geometry is integrated into a microfluidic device and used to study drop formation in liquid-liquid systems, where both monodisperse and polydisperse emulsions can be produced.
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Targeted nanoparticle-aptamer bioconjugates for cancer chemotherapy in vivo
Omid C. Farokhzad,Jianjun Cheng,Jianjun Cheng,Benjamin A. Teply,Ines Sherifi,Sangyong Jon,Philip W. Kantoff,Jerome P. Richie,Robert Langer,Robert Langer +9 more
TL;DR: The potential utility of nanoparticle-aptamer bioconjugates for a therapeutic application is demonstrated and remarkable efficacy and reduced toxicity as measured by mean body weight loss (BWL) in vivo are demonstrated.
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Micromixers?a review
Nam-Trung Nguyen,Zhigang Wu +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the progress on the recent development of micromixers and present different types and designs of active and passive MCMs, as well as the operation points of the MCMs.