Journal ArticleDOI
Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury in adults.
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New developments and current knowledge and controversies, focusing on moderate and severe TBI in adults, are summarised, with an emphasis on epidemiological monitoring, trauma organisation, and approaches to management.Abstract:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socioeconomic problem that affects all societies. In recent years, patterns of injury have been changing, with more injuries, particularly contusions, occurring in older patients. Blast injuries have been identified as a novel entity with specific characteristics. Traditional approaches to the classification of clinical severity are the subject of debate owing to the widespread policy of early sedation and ventilation in more severely injured patients, and are being supplemented with structural and functional neuroimaging. Basic science research has greatly advanced our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in secondary damage, creating opportunities for medical intervention and targeted therapies; however, translating this research into patient benefit remains a challenge. Clinical management has become much more structured and evidence based since the publication of guidelines covering many aspects of care. In this Review, we summarise new developments and current knowledge and controversies, focusing on moderate and severe TBI in adults. Suggestions are provided for the way forward, with an emphasis on epidemiological monitoring, trauma organisation, and approaches to management.read more
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Book ChapterDOI
Traumatic brain injury.
TL;DR: In childhood, traumatic brain injury poses the unique challenges of an injury to a developing brain and the dynamic pattern of recovery over time, so the treatment needs to be multifaceted and starts at the scene of the injury and extends into the home and school.
Journal ArticleDOI
Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research
Andrew I R Maas,David K. Menon,P. David Adelson,Nada Andelic,Michael J. Bell,Antonio Belli,Peter Bragge,Alexandra Brazinova,Andras Buki,Randall M. Chesnut,Giuseppe Citerio,Mark Coburn,D. Jamie Cooper,A Tamara Crowder,Endre Czeiter,Marek Czosnyka,Ramon Diaz-Arrastia,Jens P. Dreier,Ann-Christine Duhaime,Ari Ercole,Thomas A. van Essen,Valery L. Feigin,Guoyi Gao,Joseph T. Giacino,Laura E. Gonzalez-Lara,Russell L. Gruen,Russell L. Gruen,Deepak Gupta,Jed A. Hartings,Sean Hill,Jiyao Jiang,Naomi Ketharanathan,Erwin J. O. Kompanje,Linda Lanyon,Steven Laureys,Fiona Lecky,Harvey S. Levin,Hester F. Lingsma,Marc Maegele,Marek Majdan,Geoffrey T. Manley,Jill A. Marsteller,Luciana Mascia,Charles McFadyen,Stefania Mondello,Virginia F. J. Newcombe,Aarno Palotie,Aarno Palotie,Aarno Palotie,Paul M. Parizel,Wilco C. Peul,James Piercy,Suzanne Polinder,Louis Puybasset,Todd E. Rasmussen,Rolf Rossaint,Peter Smielewski,Jeannette Söderberg,Simon J. Stanworth,Murray B. Stein,Nicole von Steinbüchel,William Stewart,Ewout W. Steyerberg,Ewout W. Steyerberg,Nino Stocchetti,Anneliese Synnot,Anneliese Synnot,Braden Te Ao,Olli Tenovuo,Alice Theadom,Dick Tibboel,Walter Videtta,Kevin K.W. Wang,W. Huw Williams,Lindsay Wilson,Kristine Yaffe,Hadie Adams,Vanni Agnoletti,Judith Allanson,Krisztina Amrein,Norberto Andaluz,Audny Anke,Anna Antoni,Arjan Bastiaan van As,Gérard Audibert,Antun Azaševac,Philippe Azouvi,Maria Luisa Azzolini,Camelia Baciu,Rafael Badenes,Karen M. Barlow,Ronald H. M. A. Bartels,Ursula Bauerfeind,Miriam H. Beauchamp,Darcy Beer,Ronny Beer,Francisco Javier Belda,Bo-Michael Bellander,Rémy Bellier,Habib Benali,Thierry Benard,Valzerda Beqiri,Luigi Beretta,Francis Bernard,Guido Bertolini,Federico Bilotta,Morten Blaabjerg,Hugo den Boogert,Kathy Boutis,Pierre Bouzat,Brian L. Brooks,Camilla Brorsson,Monika Bullinger,Emma Burns,Calappi E,Peter Cameron,Elsa Carise,Ana M. Castaño-Leon,Francesco Causin,Giorgio Chevallard,Arturo Chieregato,Brian R. Christie,Maryse C. Cnossen,Jonathan P. Coles,Johnny Collett,Francesco Della Corte,William Craig,Gábor Csató,Ákos Csomós,Nicola Curry,Claire Dahyot-Fizelier,Helen Dawes,Carol DeMatteo,Bart Depreitere,Deborah Dewey,Jeroen T. J. M. van Dijck,Đula Đilvesi,Diederik W.J. Dippel,Kemal Dizdarevic,Emma Donoghue,Or Duek,Guy-Loup Dulière,Adelaida Dzeko,George A. Eapen,Carolyn A. Emery,Shane W. English,Patrick Esser,Erzsébet Ezer,Martin Fabricius,Junfeng Feng,Dean Fergusson,Anthony Figaji,Joanne Fleming,Kelly A Foks,G. Francony,Stephen B. Freedman,Ulderico Freo,Shirin Frisvold,Isabelle Gagnon,Damien Galanaud,Dashiell Gantner,Benoit Giraud,Ben Glocker,Jagos Golubovic,Pedro A Gómez López,Wayne A. Gordon,Primoz Gradisek,Jocelyn Gravel,Donald E. G. Griesdale,Francesca Grossi,Juanita A. Haagsma,Asta Håberg,Iain K. Haitsma,Wim Van Hecke,Raimund Helbok,Eirik Helseth,Caroline M. van Heugten,Cornelia W. E. Hoedemaekers,Stefan Höfer,Lindsay Horton,Jiyuan Hui,Jilske A Huijben,Peter J. Hutchinson,Bram Jacobs,Mathieu van der Jagt,Stefan Jankowski,Koen Janssens,Bojan Jelaca,Kelly Jones,Konstantinos Kamnitsas,Rafael Kaps,Mladen Karan,Ari Katila,Kirsi-Maija Kaukonen,Véronique De Keyser,Riku Kivisaari,Angelos G. Kolias,Balint Kolumban,Ksenija Kolundžija,Daniel Kondziella,Lars-Owe D. Koskinen,Noémi Kovács,Andreas H. Kramer,Demitri Kutsogiannis,Theodoros Kyprianou,Alfonso Lagares,Francois Lamontagne,Roberto Latini,François Lauzier,Isaac Lazar,Christian Ledig,Rolf Lefering,Valerie Legrand,Leon Levi,Roger Lightfoot,Angels Lozano,Stephen MacDonald,Sebastian Major,Alex Manara,Pauline Manhes,Hugues Maréchal,Costanza Martino,Alessandro Masala,Serge Masson,Julia Mattern,Bradford J. McFadyen,Catherine McMahon,Maureen O. Meade,Béla Melegh,Tomas Menovsky,Lynne Moore,Marta M Correia,Maria Cristina Morganti-Kossmann,Holger Muehlan,Pratik Mukherjee,Lynnette Murray,Joukje van der Naalt,Ancuta Negru,David W. Nelson,Daan Nieboer,Quentin Noirhomme,József Nyirádi,Mauro Oddo,David O. 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Takala,Päivi Tanskanen,Mark Taylor,Ralph Telgmann,Nancy R. Temkin,Guido Teodorani,Matthew Thomas,Christos M. Tolias,Tony Trapani,Alexis F. Turgeon,Peter Vajkoczy,Alex B. Valadka,Egils Valeinis,Shirley Vallance,Zoltan Vamos,Alessia Vargiolu,Emmanuel Vega,Jan Verheyden,Anne Vik,Rimantas Vilcinis,Carmen L.A. Vleggeert-Lankamp,Lidia Vogt,Victor Volovici,Daphne C. Voormolen,Peter Vulekovic,Thijs Vande Vyvere,Julia Van Waesberghe,Lars Wessels,Eno Wildschut,Guy B. Williams,Maren K.L. Winkler,Stefan Wolf,Gordon Wood,Nektaria Xirouchaki,Alexander Younsi,Menashe Zaaroor,Veronika Zelinkova,Roger Zemek,Fabrizio Zumbo +342 more
TL;DR: The InTBIR Participants and Investigators have provided informed consent for the study to take place in Poland.
Journal ArticleDOI
Animal models of traumatic brain injury
TL;DR: There is a compelling need to revisit the current status of animal models of TBI and therapeutic strategies, as promising neuroprotective drugs identified as being effective in animal TBI models have all failed in Phase II or Phase III clinical trials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changing patterns in the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury
TL;DR: The strengths and limitations of epidemiological studies are discussed, the variability in its definition is addressed, and changing epidemiological patterns are highlighted, identifying a great need for standardized epidemiological monitoring in TBI.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroinflammation: the devil is in the details.
TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to distinguish different variations of neuro inflammation in a context‐specific manner and detail both positive and negative aspects of neuroinflammatory processes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
ASSESSMENT OF COMA AND IMPAIRED CONSCIOUSNESS: A Practical Scale
Graham M. Teasdale,Bryan Jennett +1 more
TL;DR: A clinical scale has been evolved for assessing the depth and duration of impaired consciousness and coma that facilitates consultations between general and special units in cases of recent brain damage, and is useful also in defining the duration of prolonged coma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Computed Tomography — An Increasing Source of Radiation Exposure
David J. Brenner,Eric J. Hall +1 more
TL;DR: The facts are summarized about CT scans, which involve much higher doses of radiation than plain films, and the implications for public health are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial Membrane Permeabilization in Cell Death
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ASSESSMENT OF COMA AND IMPAIRED CONSCIOUSNESS: A Practical Scale
Graham M. Teasdale,Bryan Jennett +1 more