Journal ArticleDOI
Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism
Tohru Kitada,Shuichi Asakawa,Nobutaka Hattori,Hiroto Matsumine,Yasuhiro Yamamura,Shinsei Minoshima,Masayuki Yokochi,Yoshikuni Mizuno,Nobuyoshi Shimizu +8 more
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TLDR
Mutations in the newly identified gene appear to be responsible for the pathogenesis of Autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism, and the protein product is named ‘Parkin’.Abstract:
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease with complex clinical features1. Autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP)2,3 maps to the long arm of chromosome 6 (6q25.2-q27) and is linked strongly to the markers D6S305 and D6S253 (ref. 4); the former is deleted in one Japanese AR-JP patient5. By positional cloning within this microdeletion, we have now isolated a complementary DNA clone of 2,960 base pairs with a 1,395-base-pair open reading frame, encoding a protein of 465 amino acids with moderate similarity to ubiquitin at the amino terminus and a RING-finger motif at the carboxy terminus. The gene spans more than 500 kilobases and has 12 exons, five of which (exons 3–7) are deleted in the patient. Four other AR-JP patients from three unrelated families have a deletion affecting exon 4 alone. A 4.5-kilobase transcript that is expressed in many human tissues but is abundant in the brain, including the substantia nigra, is shorter in brain tissue from one of the groups of exon-4-deleted patients. Mutations in the newly identified gene appear to be responsible for the pathogenesis of AR-JP, and we have therefore named the protein product ‘Parkin’.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Parkinson's disease and α‐synuclein expression
TL;DR: The clinical impact of α‐synuclein locus multiplications, and the implications that this has for Parkinson's disease pathogenesis are outlined; potential strategies for disease‐modifying therapies for this currently incurable disorder are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial impairment triggers cytosolic oxidative stress and cell death following proteasome inhibition
TL;DR: Results suggested that antioxidants found in foods prevented intracellular oxidation and improved cell survival by maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing mitochondrial ROS generation, and suggested that antioxidative protection of mitochondria maintains cellular integrity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phosphoproteomic screening identifies Rab GTPases as novel downstream targets of PINK1
Yu-Chiang Lai,Chandana Kondapalli,Ronny Lehneck,James B. Procter,Brian D. Dill,Helen I. Woodroof,Robert Gourlay,Mark Peggie,Thomas Macartney,Olga Corti,Jean-Christophe Corvol,David G. Campbell,Aymelt Itzen,Matthias Trost,Miratul M. K. Muqit +14 more
TL;DR: These findings provide the first evidence that PINK1 is able to regulate the phosphorylation of Rab GTPases and indicate that monitoring phosphorylated members of Rab8A/8B/13 at Ser111 may represent novel biomarkers of Pink1 activity in vivo.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parkin and the molecular pathways of Parkinson's disease.
TL;DR: Mutations in the parkin gene causal of autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism highlight that ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis may play an important role in the pathobiology of PD.
Book ChapterDOI
Biology of Mitochondria in Neurodegenerative Diseases
TL;DR: Several aspects of mitochondrial biology are reviewed and how mitochondrial pathobiology might contribute to the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in AD, PD, and ALS are reviewed.
References
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Book
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual
TL;DR: Molecular Cloning has served as the foundation of technical expertise in labs worldwide for 30 years as mentioned in this paper and has been so popular, or so influential, that no other manual has been more widely used and influential.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mutation in the α-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease
Mihael H. Polymeropoulos,Christian Lavedan,Elisabeth Leroy,Susan E. Ide,Anindya Dehejia,Amalia Dutra,Brian L. Pike,Holly Root,Jeffrey Rubenstein,Rebecca Boyer,Edward S. Stenroos,Settara C. Chandrasekharappa,Aglaia Athanassiadou,Theodore Papapetropoulos,William G. Johnson,Alice Lazzarini,Roger C. Duvoisin,Giuseppe Di Iorio,Lawrence I. Golbe,Robert L. Nussbaum +19 more
TL;DR: A mutation was identified in the α-synuclein gene, which codes for a presynaptic protein thought to be involved in neuronal plasticity, in the Italian kindred and in three unrelated families of Greek origin with autosomal dominant inheritance for the PD phenotype.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alpha-synuclein in Lewy bodies.
Maria Grazia Spillantini,Marie L. Schmidt,Virginia M.-Y. Lee,John Q. Trojanowski,Ross Jakes,Michel Goedert +5 more
TL;DR: Strong staining of Lewy bodies from idiopathic Parkinson's disease with antibodies for α-synuclein, a presynaptic protein of unknown function which is mutated in some familial cases of the disease, indicates that the LewY bodies from these two diseases may have identical compositions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial complex I deficiency in Parkinson's disease.
TL;DR: Results indicated a specific defect of Complex I activity in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease, which adds further support to the proposition that Parkinson’s disease may be due to an environmental toxin with action(s) similar to those of MPTP.
Journal ArticleDOI
The ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway
TL;DR: Two studies clearly demonstrate that the ubiquitin-proteasome system is involved not only in complete destruction of its protein substrates, but also in limited proteolysis and posttranslational processing in which biologically active peptides or fragments are generated.
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