Recent variability of the global ocean carbon sink
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this article, an observation-based estimate of the global oceanic carbon dioxide (CO2) sink and its temporal variation on a monthly basis from 1998 through 2011 and at a spatial resolution of 1×1.Abstract:
We present a new observation-based estimate of the global oceanic carbon dioxide (CO2) sink and its temporal variation on a monthly basis from 1998 through 2011 and at a spatial resolution of 1×1. This sink estimate rests upon a neural network-based mapping of global surface ocean observations of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) from the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas database. The resulting pCO2 has small biases when evaluated against independent observations in the different ocean basins, but larger randomly distributed differences exist particularly in high latitudes. The seasonal climatology of our neural network-based product agrees overall well with the Takahashi et al. (2009) climatology, although our product produces a stronger seasonal cycle at high latitudes. From our global pCO2 product, we compute a mean net global ocean (excluding the Arctic Ocean and coastal regions) CO2 uptake flux of −1.42 ± 0.53 Pg C yr−1, which is in good agreement with ocean inversion-based estimates. Our data indicate a moderate level of interannual variability in the ocean carbon sink (±0.12 Pg C yr−1, 1𝜎) from 1998 through 2011, mostly originating from the equatorial Pacific Ocean, and associated with the El Nino–Southern Oscillation. Accounting for steady state riverine and Arctic Ocean carbon fluxes our estimate further implies a mean anthropogenic CO2 uptake of −1.99 ± 0.59 Pg C yr−1 over the analysis period. From this estimate plus the most recent estimates for fossil fuel emissions and atmospheric CO2 accumulation, we infer a mean global land sink of −2.82 ± 0.85 Pg C yr−1 over the 1998 through 2011 period with strong interannual variation.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Carbon Budget 2020
Pierre Friedlingstein,Pierre Friedlingstein,Michael O'Sullivan,Matthew W. Jones,Robbie M. Andrew,Judith Hauck,Are Olsen,Glen P. Peters,Wouter Peters,Wouter Peters,Julia Pongratz,Julia Pongratz,Stephen Sitch,Corinne Le Quéré,Josep G. Canadell,Philippe Ciais,Robert B. Jackson,Simone R. Alin,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Almut Arneth,Vivek K. Arora,Nicholas R. Bates,Nicholas R. Bates,Meike Becker,Alice Benoit-Cattin,Henry C. Bittig,Laurent Bopp,Selma Bultan,Naveen Chandra,Naveen Chandra,Frédéric Chevallier,Louise Chini,Wiley Evans,Liesbeth Florentie,Piers M. Forster,Thomas Gasser,Marion Gehlen,Dennis Gilfillan,Thanos Gkritzalis,Luke Gregor,Nicolas Gruber,Ian Harris,Kerstin Hartung,Kerstin Hartung,Vanessa Haverd,Richard A. Houghton,Tatiana Ilyina,Atul K. Jain,Emilie Joetzjer,Koji Kadono,Etsushi Kato,Vassilis Kitidis,Jan Ivar Korsbakken,Peter Landschützer,Nathalie Lefèvre,Andrew Lenton,Sebastian Lienert,Zhu Liu,Danica Lombardozzi,Gregg Marland,Nicolas Metzl,David R. Munro,David R. Munro,Julia E. M. S. Nabel,S. Nakaoka,Yosuke Niwa,Kevin D. O'Brien,Kevin D. O'Brien,Tsuneo Ono,Paul I. Palmer,Denis Pierrot,Benjamin Poulter,Laure Resplandy,Eddy Robertson,Christian Rödenbeck,Jörg Schwinger,Roland Séférian,Ingunn Skjelvan,Adam J. P. Smith,Adrienne J. Sutton,Toste Tanhua,Pieter P. Tans,Hanqin Tian,Bronte Tilbrook,Bronte Tilbrook,Guido R. van der Werf,N. Vuichard,Anthony P. Walker,Rik Wanninkhof,Andrew J. Watson,David R. Willis,Andy Wiltshire,Wenping Yuan,Xu Yue,Sönke Zaehle +95 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe and synthesize data sets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties, including emissions from land use and land-use change data and bookkeeping models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Carbon Budget 2018
Corinne Le Quéré,Robbie M. Andrew,Pierre Friedlingstein,Stephen Sitch,Judith Hauck,Julia Pongratz,Julia Pongratz,Penelope A. Pickers,Jan Ivar Korsbakken,Glen P. Peters,Josep G. Canadell,Almut Arneth,Vivek K. Arora,Leticia Barbero,Leticia Barbero,Ana Bastos,Laurent Bopp,Frédéric Chevallier,Louise Chini,Philippe Ciais,Scott C. Doney,Thanos Gkritzalis,Daniel S. Goll,Ian Harris,Vanessa Haverd,Forrest M. Hoffman,Mario Hoppema,Richard A. Houghton,George C. Hurtt,Tatiana Ilyina,Atul K. Jain,Truls Johannessen,Chris D. Jones,Etsushi Kato,Ralph F. Keeling,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Peter Landschützer,Nathalie Lefèvre,Sebastian Lienert,Zhu Liu,Zhu Liu,Danica Lombardozzi,Nicolas Metzl,David R. Munro,Julia E. M. S. Nabel,Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka,Craig Neill,Craig Neill,Are Olsen,T. Ono,Prabir K. Patra,Anna Peregon,Wouter Peters,Wouter Peters,Philippe Peylin,Benjamin Pfeil,Benjamin Pfeil,Denis Pierrot,Denis Pierrot,Benjamin Poulter,Gregor Rehder,Laure Resplandy,Eddy Robertson,Matthias Rocher,Christian Rödenbeck,Ute Schuster,Jörg Schwinger,Roland Séférian,Ingunn Skjelvan,Tobias Steinhoff,Adrienne J. Sutton,Pieter P. Tans,Hanqin Tian,Bronte Tilbrook,Bronte Tilbrook,Francesco N. Tubiello,Ingrid T. van der Laan-Luijkx,Guido R. van der Werf,Nicolas Viovy,Anthony P. Walker,Andy Wiltshire,Rebecca Wright,Sönke Zaehle,Bo Zheng +84 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe data sets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties, including emissions from land use and land-use change data and bookkeeping models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Carbon Budget 2016
Corinne Le Quéré,Robbie M. Andrew,Josep G. Canadell,Stephen Sitch,Jan Ivar Korsbakken,Glen P. Peters,Andrew C. Manning,Thomas A. Boden,Pieter P. Tans,Richard A. Houghton,Ralph F. Keeling,Simone R. Alin,Oliver Andrews,Peter Anthoni,Leticia Barbero,Leticia Barbero,Laurent Bopp,Frédéric Chevallier,Louise Chini,Philippe Ciais,Kim I. Currie,Christine Delire,Scott C. Doney,Pierre Friedlingstein,Thanos Gkritzalis,Ian Harris,Judith Hauck,Vanessa Haverd,Mario Hoppema,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Atul K. Jain,Etsushi Kato,Arne Körtzinger,Peter Landschützer,Nathalie Lefèvre,Andrew Lenton,Sebastian Lienert,Sebastian Lienert,Danica Lombardozzi,Joe R. Melton,Nicolas Metzl,Frank J. Millero,Pedro M. S. Monteiro,David R. Munro,Julia E. M. S. Nabel,Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka,K. O'Brien,Are Olsen,Abdirahman M Omar,Tsuneo Ono,Denis Pierrot,Denis Pierrot,Benjamin Poulter,Benjamin Poulter,Christian Rödenbeck,Joe Salisbury,Ute Schuster,Jörg Schwinger,Roland Séférian,Ingunn Skjelvan,Benjamin D. Stocker,Adrienne J. Sutton,Adrienne J. Sutton,Taro Takahashi,Hanqin Tian,Bronte Tilbrook,Ingrid T. van der Laan-Luijkx,Guido R. van der Werf,Nicolas Viovy,Anthony P. Walker,Andy Wiltshire,Sönke Zaehle +71 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantify all major components of the global carbon budget, including their uncertainties, based on the combination of a range of data, algorithms, statistics, and model estimates and their interpretation by a broad scientific community.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Carbon Budget 2019
Pierre Friedlingstein,Pierre Friedlingstein,Matthew W. Jones,Michael O'Sullivan,Robbie M. Andrew,Judith Hauck,Glen P. Peters,Wouter Peters,Wouter Peters,Julia Pongratz,Julia Pongratz,Stephen Sitch,Corinne Le Quéré,Dorothee C. E. Bakker,Josep G. Canadell,Philippe Ciais,Robert B. Jackson,Peter Anthoni,Leticia Barbero,Leticia Barbero,Ana Bastos,Vladislav Bastrikov,Meike Becker,Meike Becker,Laurent Bopp,Erik T. Buitenhuis,Naveen Chandra,Frédéric Chevallier,Louise Chini,Kim I. Currie,Richard A. Feely,Marion Gehlen,Dennis Gilfillan,Thanos Gkritzalis,Daniel S. Goll,Nicolas Gruber,Sören B. Gutekunst,Ian Harris,Vanessa Haverd,Richard A. Houghton,George C. Hurtt,Tatiana Ilyina,Atul K. Jain,Emilie Joetzjer,Jed O. Kaplan,Etsushi Kato,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Jan Ivar Korsbakken,Peter Landschützer,Siv K. Lauvset,Nathalie Lefèvre,Andrew Lenton,Andrew Lenton,Sebastian Lienert,Danica Lombardozzi,Gregg Marland,Patrick C. McGuire,Joe R. Melton,Nicolas Metzl,David R. Munro,Julia E. M. S. Nabel,Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka,Craig Neill,Abdirahman M Omar,Abdirahman M Omar,Tsuneo Ono,Anna Peregon,Anna Peregon,Denis Pierrot,Denis Pierrot,Benjamin Poulter,Gregor Rehder,Laure Resplandy,Eddy Robertson,Christian Rödenbeck,Roland Séférian,Jörg Schwinger,Jörg Schwinger,Naomi E. Smith,Naomi E. Smith,Pieter P. Tans,Hanqin Tian,Bronte Tilbrook,Bronte Tilbrook,Francesco N. Tubiello,Guido R. van der Werf,Andy Wiltshire,Sönke Zaehle +88 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe data sets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties, including emissions from land use and land use change, and show that the difference between the estimated total emissions and the estimated changes in the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere is a measure of imperfect data and understanding of the contemporary carbon cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Carbon Budget 2017
Corinne Le Quéré,Robbie M. Andrew,Pierre Friedlingstein,Stephen Sitch,Julia Pongratz,Andrew C. Manning,Jan Ivar Korsbakken,Glen P. Peters,Josep G. Canadell,Robert B. Jackson,Thomas A. Boden,Pieter P. Tans,Oliver Andrews,Vivek K. Arora,Dorothee C. E. Bakker,Leticia Barbero,Leticia Barbero,Meike Becker,Meike Becker,Richard Betts,Richard Betts,Laurent Bopp,Frédéric Chevallier,Louise Chini,Philippe Ciais,Catherine E Cosca,Jessica N. Cross,Kim I. Currie,Thomas Gasser,Ian Harris,Judith Hauck,Vanessa Haverd,Richard A. Houghton,Christopher W. Hunt,George C. Hurtt,Tatiana Ilyina,Atul K. Jain,Etsushi Kato,Markus Kautz,Ralph F. Keeling,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Arne Körtzinger,Peter Landschützer,Nathalie Lefèvre,Andrew Lenton,Andrew Lenton,Sebastian Lienert,Sebastian Lienert,Ivan D. Lima,Danica Lombardozzi,Nicolas Metzl,Frank J. Millero,Pedro M. S. Monteiro,David R. Munro,Julia E. M. S. Nabel,Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka,Yukihiro Nojiri,X. Antonio Padin,Anna Peregon,Benjamin Pfeil,Benjamin Pfeil,Denis Pierrot,Denis Pierrot,Benjamin Poulter,Benjamin Poulter,Gregor Rehder,Janet J. Reimer,Christian Rödenbeck,Jörg Schwinger,Roland Séférian,Ingunn Skjelvan,Benjamin D. Stocker,Hanqin Tian,Bronte Tilbrook,Bronte Tilbrook,Francesco N. Tubiello,Ingrid T. van der Laan-Luijkx,Guido R. van der Werf,Steven van Heuven,Nicolas Viovy,Nicolas Vuichard,Anthony P. Walker,Andrew J. Watson,Andy Wiltshire,Sönke Zaehle,Dan Zhu +86 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties, and the resulting carbon budget imbalance (BIM) is a measure of imperfect data and understanding of the contemporary carbon cycle.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Multi-decadal uptake of carbon dioxide into subtropical mode water of the North Atlantic Ocean
TL;DR: Takahashi et al. as discussed by the authors showed that there is significant uptake of CO2 into subtropical mode water (STMW) of the North Atlantic Ocean, which forms south of the Gulf Stream in winter and constitutes the dominant upper ocean water mass.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of tropical instability waves on CO2 species distributions along the equator in the eastern equatorial Pacific during the 1992 ENSO event
Richard A. Feely,Rik Wanninkhof,C. E. Cosca,Michael J. McPhaden,Robert H. Byrne,Frank J. Millero,Francisco P. Chavez,Tonya D. Clayton,D. M. Campbell,Paulette P. Murphy +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, tropical instability waves, with periods of 15 to 20 days and zonal wavelengths of 700-800 km, controlled the observed spatial variability of the CO[sub 2] species, nitrate and hydrographic parameters at the equator.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of Historical Climate Change on the Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle
TL;DR: In this paper, the atmospheric fields from NCEP R1 for the years 1948-2003 are used to drive an ocean biogeochemical model to probe how changes in the heat and freshwater fluxes and in the winds affect the Southern Ocean's uptake of carbon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interannual variability of air-sea O2 fluxes and the determination of CO2 sinks using atmospheric O2/N2
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined interannual fluctuations of the global air-sea flux of O2 during the period 1980-1998 using a global ocean circulation and biogeochemistry model along with an atmospheric transport model.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autocorrelation characteristics of surface ocean pCO2and air-sea CO2 fluxes
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present temporal and spatial autocorrelation analyses of surface ocean pCO2 on a 5° × 5° grid using the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory database.
Related Papers (5)
Climatological mean and decadal change in surface ocean pCO2, and net sea–air CO2 flux over the global oceans
Taro Takahashi,Stewart C Sutherland,Rik Wanninkhof,Colm Sweeney,Richard A. Feely,D.W. Chipman,Burke Hales,Gernot E. Friederich,Francisco P. Chavez,Christopher L. Sabine,Andrew J. Watson,Dorothee C. E. Bakker,Ute Schuster,Nicolas Metzl,Hisayuki Yoshikawa-Inoue,Masao Ishii,Takashi Midorikawa,Yukihiro Nojiri,Arne Körtzinger,Tobias Steinhoff,Mario Hoppema,Jón Ólafsson,Thorarinn S. Arnarson,Bronte Tilbrook,Truls Johannessen,Are Olsen,Richard G. J. Bellerby,C. S. Wong,Bruno Delille,Nicholas R. Bates,Hein J W de Baar +30 more
A multi-decade record of high-quality fCO2 data in version 3 of the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT)
Dorothee C. E. Bakker,Benjamin Pfeil,Benjamin Pfeil,Camilla S. Landa,Camilla S. Landa,Nicolas Metzl,K. O'Brien,Are Olsen,Are Olsen,K. Smith,Catherine E Cosca,S. Harasawa,Stephen D. Jones,Stephen D. Jones,Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka,Yukihiro Nojiri,Ute Schuster,Tobias Steinhoff,Colm Sweeney,Colm Sweeney,Taro Takahashi,Bronte Tilbrook,Bronte Tilbrook,Chisato Wada,Rik Wanninkhof,Simone R. Alin,Carlos F. Balestrini,Leticia Barbero,Leticia Barbero,Nicholas R. Bates,Alejandro A. Bianchi,Frédéric Bonou,Jacqueline Boutin,Yann Bozec,Eugene Burger,Wei-Jun Cai,R. D. Castle,Liqi Chen,Melissa Chierici,Kim I. Currie,Wiley Evans,Charles Featherstone,Richard A. Feely,Agneta Fransson,Catherine Goyet,Naomi Greenwood,Luke Gregor,S. Hankin,Nick J. Hardman-Mountford,Jérôme Harlay,Judith Hauck,Mario Hoppema,Matthew P. Humphreys,Christopher W. Hunt,Betty Huss,J. Severino P. Ibánhez,J. Severino P. Ibánhez,Truls Johannessen,Truls Johannessen,Ralph F. Keeling,Vassilis Kitidis,Arne Körtzinger,Alex Kozyr,Evangelia Krasakopoulou,Akira Kuwata,Peter Landschützer,Siv K. Lauvset,Nathalie Lefèvre,Claire Lo Monaco,Ansley Manke,Jeremy T. Mathis,Liliane Merlivat,Frank J. Millero,Pedro M. S. Monteiro,David R. Munro,Akihiko Murata,Timothy Newberger,Timothy Newberger,Abdirahman M Omar,Tsuneo Ono,K. Paterson,David A. Pearce,Denis Pierrot,Denis Pierrot,Lisa L. Robbins,S. Saito,Joe Salisbury,Reiner Schlitzer,Bernd Schneider,Roland Schweitzer,Rainer Sieger,Ingunn Skjelvan,Kevin F. Sullivan,Kevin F. Sullivan,Stewart C Sutherland,Adrienne J. Sutton,Kazuaki Tadokoro,Maciej Telszewski,Matthias Tuma,Steven van Heuven,Doug Vandemark,Brian Ward,Andrew J. Watson,Suqing Xu +103 more