Recovery of large carnivores in Europe’s modern human-dominated landscapes
Guillaume Chapron,Petra Kaczensky,John D. C. Linnell,Manuela von Arx,Djuro Huber,Henrik Andrén,José Vicente López-Bao,José Vicente López-Bao,Michal Adamec,Francisco Álvares,Ole Anders,Linas Balčiauskas,Vaidas Balys,Péter Bedő,Ferdinand Bego,Juan Carlos Blanco,Urs Breitenmoser,Urs Breitenmoser,Henrik Brøseth,Luděk Bufka,Raimonda Bunikyte,Paolo Ciucci,Alexander Dutsov,Thomas Engleder,Christian Fuxjäger,Claudio Groff,Katja Holmala,Bledi Hoxha,Yorgos Iliopoulos,Ovidiu Ionescu,Ovidiu Ionescu,Jasna Jeremić,Klemen Jerina,Gesa Kluth,Felix Knauer,Ilpo Kojola,Ivan Kos,Miha Krofel,Jakub Kubala,Saša Kunovac,Josip Kusak,Miroslav Kutal,Miroslav Kutal,Olof Liberg,Aleksandra Majić,Peep Männil,Ralph Manz,Eric Marboutin,Francesca Marucco,Dime Melovski,Kujtim Mersini,Yorgos Mertzanis,Robert W. Mysłajek,Sabina Nowak,John Odden,Janis Ozolins,Guillermo Palomero,Milan Paunović,Jens Persson,Hubert Potočnik,Pierre-Yves Quenette,Georg Rauer,Ilka Reinhardt,Robin Rigg,Andreas Ryser,Valeria Salvatori,Tomaž Skrbinšek,Aleksandar Stojanov,Jon E. Swenson,László Szemethy,Aleksandër Trajçe,Elena Tsingarska-Sedefcheva,Martin Váňa,Rauno Veeroja,Petter Wabakken,Manfred Wölfl,Sybille Wölfl,Fridolin Zimmermann,Diana Zlatanova,Luigi Boitani +79 more
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TLDR
It is shown that roughly one-third of mainland Europe hosts at least one large carnivore species, with stable or increasing abundance in most cases in 21st-century records, and coexistence alongside humans has become possible, argue the authors.Abstract:
The conservation of large carnivores is a formidable challenge for biodiversity conservation. Using a data set on the past and current status of brown bears (Ursus arctos), Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx), gray wolves (Canis lupus), and wolverines (Gulo gulo) in European countries, we show that roughly one-third of mainland Europe hosts at least one large carnivore species, with stable or increasing abundance in most cases in 21st-century records. The reasons for this overall conservation success include protective legislation, supportive public opinion, and a variety of practices making coexistence between large carnivores and people possible. The European situation reveals that large carnivores and people can share the same landscape.read more
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Paws without claws? Ecological effects of large carnivores in anthropogenic landscapes
Dries P. J. Kuijper,Ellinor Sahlén,Bodil Elmhagen,Simon Chamaillé-Jammes,Håkan Sand,Karen Lone,Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt,Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt +7 more
TL;DR: It is argued that the potential for density-mediated trophic cascades in anthropogenic landscapes is limited to unproductive areas where even low carnivore numbers may impact prey densities or to the limited parts of the landscape where carnivores are allowed to reach ecologically functional densities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prey depletion as a threat to the world's large carnivores.
TL;DR: The results show the importance of a holistic approach to conservation that involves protecting both large carnivores directly and the prey upon which they depend, finding considerable evidence that loss of prey base is a major and wide-ranging threat among large carnivore species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fear of the human 'super predator' reduces feeding time in large carnivores.
Justine A. Smith,Justin P. Suraci,Justin P. Suraci,Michael Clinchy,Ayana Crawford,Devin Roberts,Liana Zanette,Christopher C. Wilmers +7 more
TL;DR: It is revealed that fear is the mechanism driving an ecological cascade from humans to increased puma predation on deer, and support that non-consumptive forms of human disturbance may alter the ecological role of large carnivores.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomic consequences of intensive inbreeding in an isolated wolf population
Marty Kardos,Marty Kardos,Mikael Åkesson,Toby Fountain,Øystein Flagstad,Olof Liberg,Pall I. Olason,Håkan Sand,Petter Wabakken,Camilla Wikenros,Hans Ellegren +10 more
TL;DR: Whole-genome resequencing of 97 grey wolves from a highly inbred population reveals complete homozygosity of entire chromosomes in many individuals and characterizes the genomic consequences of intensive inbreeding.
Journal ArticleDOI
Don't forget to look down - collaborative approaches to predator conservation
Steve Redpath,John D. C. Linnell,Marco Festa-Bianchet,Luigi Boitani,Nils Bunnefeld,Amy Dickman,Ralph J. Gutierrez,R. J. Irvine,Maria Johansson,Aleksandra Majić,Barry J. McMahon,Simon Pooley,Camilla Sandström,Annelie Sjölander-Lindqvist,Ketil Skogen,Jon E. Swenson,Arie Trouwborst,Juliette Young,E. J. Milner-Gulland +18 more
TL;DR: Arguments for collaborative approaches may lead to psychological ownership, enhanced trust, learning, and better social outcomes in carnivore conservation, and research is now required to reduce uncertainty and examine the effectiveness of these approaches in different contexts.
References
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Human-Carnivore Conflict and Perspectives on Carnivore Management Worldwide
Adrian Treves,K. Ullas Karanth +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors anticipate greater success in modifying the manner and frequency with which the activities of humans and domestic animals intersect with those of carnivores, which should permit carnivore populations to persist for decades despite human population growth and modification of habitat.
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Rewilding Abandoned Landscapes in Europe
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