Reduced neutralisation of the Delta (B.1.617.2) SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern following vaccination
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Citations
Comparing COVID-19 vaccines for their characteristics, efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern: A narrative review.
Impact of the Delta variant on vaccine efficacy and response strategies.
The next phase of SARS-CoV-2 surveillance: real-time molecular epidemiology.
Impact of Delta on viral burden and vaccine effectiveness against new SARS-CoV-2 infections in the UK
COVID-19 deaths and hospitalizations averted by rapid vaccination rollout in the United States
References
Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 to mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies.
Neutralising antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs B.1.617.2 and B.1.351 by BNT162b2 vaccination.
SARS-CoV-2 and bat RaTG13 spike glycoprotein structures inform on virus evolution and furin-cleavage effects.
Self-amplifying RNA SARS-CoV-2 lipid nanoparticle vaccine candidate induces high neutralizing antibody titers in mice.
BNT162b2-elicited neutralization of B.1.617 and other SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Related Papers (5)
Reduced sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta to antibody neutralization.
Evidence of escape of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 from natural and vaccine-induced sera.
Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine.
Frequently Asked Questions (15)
Q2. What are the contributions in "Reduced neutralisation of the delta (b.1.617.2) sars-cov-2 variant of concern following vaccination" ?
Here, the authors examine the sensitivity of variants of concern ( VOCs ) representative of the B. 1. 617. 1 and B. 1. 617. 2 ( first associated with infections in India ) and B. 1. 351 ( first associated with infection in South Africa ) lineages of SARS-CoV-2 to neutralisation by sera from individuals vaccinated with the BNT162b2 ( Pfizer/BioNTech ) and ChAdOx1 ( Oxford/AstraZeneca ) vaccines. Fold decreases in the magnitude of neutralisation titre following two doses of BNT162b2, conferred reductions in titre of 7. 77, 11. 30 and 9. 56-fold respectively to B. 1. 617. 1, B. 1. 617. 2 and B. 1. 351 pseudoviruses, the reduction in neutralisation of the delta variant B. 1. 617. 2 surpassing that of B. 1. 351. This study also suggests that two dose regimes of vaccine are required for maximal BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1-induced immunity. It is made available under a is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
Q3. What are the future works mentioned in the paper "Reduced neutralisation of the delta (b.1.617.2) sars-cov-2 variant of concern following vaccination" ?
Trials investigating whether a third dose of vaccine based on the original Wuhan-Hu-1 virus or adapted virus variants will help to prevent symptomatic infection with B. 1. 617. 2 and future virus variants are underway ( COVBOOST https: //www. covboost. org. uk/home ).
Q4. What is the effect of the BNT162b2 variant on the immune system?
In summary, the authors found that the B.1.617.2 variant, currently dominant in the UK is associated with significantly reduced neutralisation from vaccine sera obtained from recipients of the BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 vaccines.
Q5. What is the key component of the UK response to COVID-19?
A key component of the UK response to COVID-19 is a campaign of mass vaccination, prioritizing the population by age and other risk groups.
Q6. What is the effect of the B.1.351 variant on the immune system?
The B.1.351 variant has been shown to be associated with reduced neutralisation and breakthrough infection in clinical trials 12.
Q7. What is the effect of RBD on binding of convalescent plasma?
Investigation of the effect of RBD mutations on binding of convalescent plasma by deep mutational scanning suggests the impact of E484Q is similar to that of E484K 10, which has been shown widely to diminish antibody binding, including those elicited by vaccination 8, 11.
Q8. How many sequences have been assigned to lineage B.1.617.2?
According to GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org - accessed on 10/06/2021), a total of 31,997 sequences (Europe = 24,606, Asia = 4,974, North America = 2,210, Oceania = 163, Africa = 36, South America = 8) have been assigned to lineage B.1.617.2, predominantly from the UK (n = 22,619; reflecting the large-scale UK sequencing effort).
Q9. What is the effect of the BNT162b2 vaccine?
Recent data from Public Health England suggest that following exposure to this lineage, effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine is reduced to 33.5% after one dose, and 87.9% following two doses 3.
Q10. What was the effect of two doses of BNT162b2 on the Wuhan?
Two doses of BNT162b2 induced significantly higher neutralizing antibody titres against the Wuhan-Hu-1 and B.1.351 variants than one dose.
Q11. What was the purpose of the study?
In this study, the authors aimed to investigate the neutralisation profile of sera from participants in the DOVE deployed vaccine cohort study against B.1.617 sublineage variants.
Q12. What is the region of the spike protein where the mutation is located?
The region of the spike protein the mutation is located is highlighted on the top row; N-terminal domain (NTD), NTD antigenic supersite (NTDSS), receptor binding domain (RBD), receptor binding motif (RBM), furin cleavage site, S1 (NTD, NTDSS, RBD, RBM and furin are also in S1) and S2 subunits.
Q13. What is the defining mutation of the lineage B.1.427/B.1.429?
L452R has emerged independently in several lineages since November/December 2020 suggesting a role in immune-evasion and/or virus adaptation 9. L452R is one of the defining mutations of the lineage B.1.427/B.1.429, a variant of interest (VOI) first identified in California and associated with reduced neutralisation titres with plasma from vaccinated or convalescent individuals 7.
Q14. What was the luciferase activity of the SARSCoV-2?
After 48-72 hours, luciferase activity was quantified by the addition of Steadylite Plus chemiluminescence substrate and analysis on a Perkin Elmer EnSight multimode plate reader (Perkin Elmer, Beaconsfield, UK).
Q15. How old were the participants vaccinated with the ChAdOx1 vaccine?
when the age distribution of the study cohorts was compared, it was notable that the age of participants vaccinated with the ChAdOx1 vaccine were on average 15 years older than those vaccinated with BNT162b2 (43 versus 58 respectively; Table S2), consistent with the shifting policy on age-group targeting mid-study.