Resurgence of SARS-CoV-2: Detection by community viral surveillance.
Steven Riley,Kylie E. C. Ainslie,Oliver Eales,Caroline E. Walters,Haowei Wang,Christina Atchison,Claudio Fronterre,Peter J. Diggle,Deborah Ashby,Christl A. Donnelly,Christl A. Donnelly,Graham S Cooke,Graham S Cooke,Graham S Cooke,Wendy S. Barclay,Helen Ward,Helen Ward,Helen Ward,Ara Darzi,Ara Darzi,Ara Darzi,Paul Elliott +21 more
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In this paper, a community-wide national representative surveillance program in England based on self-administered swab results from ~594,000 individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2, regardless of symptoms, between May and the beginning of September 2020.Abstract:
Surveillance of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has mainly relied on case reporting, which is biased by health service performance, test availability, and test-seeking behaviors. We report a community-wide national representative surveillance program in England based on self-administered swab results from ~594,000 individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2, regardless of symptoms, between May and the beginning of September 2020. The epidemic declined between May and July 2020 but then increased gradually from mid-August, accelerating into early September 2020 at the start of the second wave. When compared with cases detected through routine surveillance, we report here a longer period of decline and a younger age distribution. Representative community sampling for SARS-CoV-2 can substantially improve situational awareness and feed into the public health response even at low prevalence.read more
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Persistent COVID-19 symptoms in a community study of 606,434 people in England
Matthew Whitaker,Joshua Elliott,Marc Chadeau-Hyam,Steven Riley,Ara Darzi,Graham S Cooke,Helen Marie Ward,Paul Elliott +7 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors used data from rounds 3-5 of the REACT-2 study (n = 508,707; September 2020- February 2021) to estimate the prevalence and identify predictors of persistent symptoms lasting 12 weeks or more; and unsupervised learning to cluster individuals by reported symptoms.
Posted ContentDOI
Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a random community sample of 508,707 people
Matthew Whitaker,Joshua Elliott,Marc Chadeau-Hyam,Steven Riley,Ara Darzi,Ara Darzi,Graham S Cooke,Graham S Cooke,Graham S Cooke,Helen Ward,Helen Ward,Helen Ward,Paul Elliott +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used uni-and multivariable models to identify predictors of persistence of symptoms (12 weeks or more) and estimated the prevalence of symptom persistence at 12 weeks, and used unsupervised learning to cluster individuals by symptoms experienced.
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding the effectiveness of government interventions against the resurgence of COVID-19 in Europe.
Mrinank Sharma,Sören Mindermann,Charlie Rogers-Smith,Gavin Leech,Benedict E. K. Snodin,Janvi Ahuja,Jonas B. Sandbrink,Joshua Teperowski Monrad,Joshua Teperowski Monrad,Joshua Teperowski Monrad,George T. Altman,Gurpreet Dhaliwal,Gurpreet Dhaliwal,Lukas Finnveden,Alexander John Norman,Sebastian B. Oehm,Sebastian B. Oehm,Julia Fabienne Sandkühler,Laurence Aitchison,Tomáš Gavenčiak,Thomas A. Mellan,Jan Kulveit,Leonid Chindelevitch,Seth Flaxman,Yarin Gal,Swapnil Mishra,Swapnil Mishra,Samir Bhatt,Samir Bhatt,Samir Bhatt,Jan Markus Brauner +30 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimate the effectiveness of 17 nonpharmaceutical interventions in Europe's second wave from subnational case and death data by introducing a flexible hierarchical Bayesian transmission model and collecting the largest dataset of NPI implementation dates across Europe.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exponential growth, high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, and vaccine effectiveness associated with the Delta variant.
Paul Elliott,D Haw,Haowei Wang,Oliver Eales,Caroline E. Walters,Kylie E. C. Ainslie,Christina Atchison,Claudio Fronterre,Peter J. Diggle,Andrew J. Page,Alexander J. Trotter,Sophie J Prosolek,Deborah Ashby,Christl A. Donnelly,Christl A. Donnelly,Wendy S. Barclay,Graham P. Taylor,Graham S Cooke,Graham S Cooke,Graham S Cooke,Helen Ward,Helen Ward,Helen Ward,Ara Darzi,Steven Riley,Samuel Robson,Nicholas J. Loman,Thomas R. Connor,Tanya Golubchik,Rocio Martinez Nunez,Catherine Ludden,Sally Corden,Ian Johnston,David Bonsall,Colin P. Smith,Ali R Awan,Giselda Bucca,M. Estée Török,Kordo Saeed,Jacqui Prieto,David K. Jackson,William L Hamilton,Luke B Snell,Catherine Moore,Ewan M. Harrison,Sónia Gonçalves,Leigh M Jackson,Ian Goodfellow,Derek Fairley,Matthew W. Loose,Joanne Watkins,Rich Livett,S.E. Moses,Roberto Amato,Samuel M. Nicholls,Matthew J. Bull,Darren Smith,Jeffrey C. Barrett,David M. Aanensen,Martin D. Curran,Surendra Parmar,Dinesh Aggarwal,James Shepherd,Matthew Parker,Sharon Glaysher,Matthew Bashton,Anthony Underwood,Nicole Pacchiarini,Katie F. Loveson,Alessandro M Carabelli,Kate Templeton,Cordelia Langford,John Sillitoe,Thushan I de Silva,Dennis Wang,Dominic P. Kwiatkowski,Andrew Rambaut,Justin O'Grady,Simon Cottrell,Matthew T. G. Holden,E. Thomson,Husam Osman,Monique Andersson,Anoop Chauhan,Mohammed O Hassan-Ibrahim,Mara K. N. Lawniczak,Ravi Gupta,Alex Alderton,Meera Chand,Chrystala Constantinidou,Meera Unnikrishnan,Alistair C. Darby,Julian A. Hiscox,Steve Paterson,Inigo Martincorena,David Robertson,Erik M. Volz,Oliver G. Pybus,Andrew R. Bassett,Cristina V. Ariani,Michael Spencer Chapman,Kathy Li,Rajiv Shah,Natasha Jesudason,Yusri Taha,Martin P McHugh,Rebecca Dewar,Aminu S Jahun,Claire McMurray,Sarojini Pandey,James McKenna,Andrew Nelson,Gregory R Young,Clare M. McCann,Scott Elliott,Hannah Lowe,Ben Temperton,Sunando Roy,Anna Price,Sara Rey,Matthew Wyles,Stefan Rooke,Sharif Shaaban,Mariateresa de Cesare,Laura Letchford,Siona Silveira,Emanuela Pelosi,Eleri Wilson-Davies,Myra Hosmillo,Áine O'Toole,Andrew Hesketh,Richard Stark,Louis du Plessis,Christopher Ruis,Helen Adams,Yann Bourgeois,Stephen L. Michell,Dimitris Grammatopoulos,Jonathan D. Edgeworth,Judith Breuer,John A. Todd,Christophe Fraser,David Buck,Michaela John,Gemma L. Kay,Steve Palmer,Sharon J. Peacock,David Heyburn,Danni Weldon,Esther Robinson,Alan McNally,Peter Muir,Ian B Vipond,John Boyes,Venkat Sivaprakasam,Tranprit Saluja,Samir Dervisevic,Emma Meader,Naomi R Park,Karen Oliver,Aaron R. Jeffries,Sascha Ott,Ana da Silva Filipe,David Simpson,Christopher B. Williams,Jane A. H. Masoli,Bridget A. Knight,Christopher R. Jones,Cherian Koshy,Amy Ash,Anna L. Casey,Andrew Bosworth,Liz Ratcliffe,Li Xu-McCrae,Hannah M Pymont,Stephanie Hutchings,Lisa Berry,Katie Jones,Fenella D. Halstead,Thomas R. A. Davis,Christopher Holmes,Miren Iturriza-Gomara,Anita Lucaci,Paul Randell,Alison Cox,Pinglawathee Madona,Kathryn Ann Harris,Julianne R Brown,Tabitha Mahungu,Dianne Irish-Tavares,Tanzina Haque,Jennifer Hart,Eric Witele,Melisa Louise Fenton,Steven Liggett,Clive Graham,Emma Swindells,Jennifer Collins,Gary Eltringham,Sharon Campbell,Patrick C McClure,Gemma Clark,Tim J Sloan,Carl Jones,Jessica Lynch,Ben Warne,Steven Leonard,Jillian Durham,Thomas N. Williams,Sam Haldenby,Nathaniel Storey,Nabil-Fareed Alikhan,Nadine Holmes,Christopher J. Moore,Matthew Carlile,Malorie Perry,Noel Craine,Ronan A Lyons,Angela Helen Beckett,Salman Goudarzi,Christopher Fearn,Kate B. Cook,Hannah Dent,Hannah Paul,Robert Davies,Beth Blane,Sophia T Girgis,Mathew A. Beale,Katherine L. Bellis,Matthew J. Dorman,Eleanor Drury,Leanne Kane,Sally Kay,Samantha McGuigan,Rachel Nelson,Liam Prestwood,Shavanthi Rajatileka,Rahul Batra,Rachel Williams,Mark Kristiansen,Angie Green,Anita Justice,Adhyana I K Mahanama,Buddhini Samaraweera,Nazreen F. Hadjirin,Joshua Quick,Radoslaw Poplawski,Leanne M Kermack,Nicola Reynolds,Grant Hall,Yasmin Chaudhry,Malte L Pinckert,Iliana Georgana,Robin J Moll,Alicia Thornton,Richard H. Myers,Joanne D. Stockton,Charlotte A Williams,Wen C Yew,Amy Trebes,G MacIntyre-Cockett,Alec Birchley,Alexander Adams,Amy Plimmer,Bree Gatica-Wilcox,Caoimhe McKerr,Ember Hilvers,Hannah Jones,Hibo Asad,Jason Coombes,Johnathan M Evans,Laia Fina,Lauren Gilbert,Lee Graham,Michelle Cronin,Sara Kumziene-Summerhayes,S Taylor,Sophie Jones,Danielle C. Groves,Peijun Zhang,Marta Gallis,Stavroula F Louka,Igor Starinskij,Jon-Paul Keatley,Joshua B Singer,Leonardo de Oliveira Martins,Corin Yeats,Khalil Abudahab,Ben Taylor,Mirko Menegazzo,John Danesh,Wendy Hogsden,Sahar Eldirdiri,Anita Kenyon,Jenifer Mason,Trevor Robinson,Alison Holmes,James V. Price,John A Hartley,Tanya Curran,Alison E. Mather,Giri Shankar,Rachel Jones,Robin Howe,Sian Morgan,Elizabeth Wastenge,Michael R Chapman,Siddharth Mookerjee,Rachael Stanley,Wendy Smith,Tim E. A. Peto,David W Eyre,Derrick W. Crook,Gabrielle Vernet,Christine Kitchen,Huw Gulliver,Ian Merrick,Martyn Guest,Robert J. Munn,Declan Bradley,Tim Wyatt,Charlotte Beaver,Luke Foulser,Sophie Palmer,Carol Churcher,Ellena Brooks,Kim S Smith,Katerina Galai,Georgina M McManus,Frances Bolt,Francesc Coll,Lizzie Meadows,Stephen W Attwood,Alisha Davies,Elen De Lacy,Fatima Downing,Sue Edwards,Garry Scarlett,Sarah Jeremiah,Nikki Smith,Danielle Leek,Sushmita Sridhar,Sally Forrest,Claire Cormie,Harmeet K Gill,Joana Dias,Ellen Higginson,Mailis Maes,Jamie Young,Michelle Wantoch,Dorota Jamrozy,Stephanie W. Lo,Minal Patel,Verity Hill,Claire M Bewshea,Sian Ellard,Cressida Auckland,Ian Harrison,Chloe Bishop,Vicki Chalker,Alex G. Richter,Andrew D Beggs,Angus I. Best,Benita Percival,Jeremy Mirza,Oliver Megram,Megan Mayhew,Liam Crawford,Fiona Ashcroft,Emma Moles-Garcia,Nicola Cumley,Richard Hopes,Patawee Asamaphan,Marc Niebel,Rory Gunson,Amanda Bradley,Alasdair MacLean,Guy Mollett,Rachel Blacow,Paul W Bird,Thomas Helmer,Karlie Fallon,Julian Tang,Antony D Hale,Louissa R Macfarlane-Smith,Katherine L Harper,Holli Carden,Nicholas W Machin,Kathryn A Jackson,Shazaad Ahmad,Ryan P George,Lance Turtle,Elaine O'Toole,Joanne Watts,Cassie Breen,Angela Cowell,Adela Alcolea-Medina,Themoula Charalampous,Amita Patel,Lisa J Levett,Judith Heaney,Aileen G. Rowan,Graham Phillip Taylor,Divya K. Shah,Laura Atkinson,Jack Cd Lee,Adam P Westhorpe,Riaz Jannoo,Helen L Lowe,Angeliki Karamani,Leah Ensell,Wendy Chatterton,Monika Pusok,Ashok Dadrah,Amanda Symmonds,Graciela Sluga,Zoltán Molnár,Paul A. Baker,Stephen Bonner,Sarah Essex,Edward Barton,Debra Padgett,Garren Scott,Jane Greenaway,Brendan A I Payne,Shirelle Burton-Fanning,Sheila Waugh,Veena Raviprakash,Nicola Sheriff,Victoria Blakey,Lesley-Anne Williams,Jonathan W. Moore,Susanne Stonehouse,Louise Smith,Rose K Davidson,Luke Bedford,Lindsay Coupland,Victoria Wright,Joseph G. Chappell,Theocharis Tsoleridis,Jonathan K. Ball,Manjinder Khakh,Vicki M. Fleming,Michelle Lister,Hannah C. Howson-Wells,Louise Berry,Tim Boswell,Amelia Joseph,Iona Willingham,Nichola Duckworth,Sarah Walsh,Emma L. Wise,Nathan Moore,Matilde Mori,Nick Cortes,Stephen P. Kidd,Rebecca Williams Bmbs,Laura Gifford,Kelly Bicknell,Sarah Wyllie,A Lloyd,Robert Impey,Cassandra S Malone,Benjamin J Cogger,Nick Levene,Lynn Monaghan,Alexander J Keeley,David G Partridge,Mohammad Raza,Cariad Evans,Kate M. Johnson,Emma Betteridge,Ben Farr,Scott Goodwin,Michael A. Quail,Carol Scott,Lesley Shirley,Scott Aj Thurston,Diana Rajan,Iraad F. Bronner,Louise Aigrain,Nicholas M Redshaw,Stefanie V Lensing,Shane A. McCarthy,Alex Makunin,Carlos Balcazar,Michael Gallagher,Kathleen A. Williamson,Thomas D Stanton,Michelle L Michelsen,Joanna Warwick-Dugdale,Robin Manley,Audrey Farbos,James W. Harrison,Christine Sambles,David J. Studholme,Angie Lackenby,Tamyo Mbisa,Steven Platt,Shahjahan Miah,David F. Bibby,Carmen F. Manso,Jonathan Hubb,Gavin Dabrera,Mary Ramsay,Daniel Bradshaw,Ulf Schaefer,Natalie Groves,Eileen Gallagher,David N. Lee,David J. Williams,Nicholas Ellaby,Hassan Hartman,Nikos Manesis,Vineet Patel,Juan Ledesma,Katherine A Twohig,Elias Allara,Clare Pearson,Jeffrey K. J. Cheng,Hannah E Bridgewater,Lucy R. Frost,Grace Taylor-Joyce,Paul E Brown,Lily Tong,Alice Broos,Daniel Mair,Jenna Nichols,Stephen Carmichael,Katherine Smollett,Kyriaki Nomikou,Elihu Aranday-Cortes,Natasha M. Johnson,Seema Nickbakhsh,Edith Vamos,Margaret Hughes,Lucille Rainbow,Richard Eccles,Charlotte Nelson,Mark Whitehead,Richard I. Gregory,Matthew Gemmell,Claudia Wierzbicki,Hermione J. Webster,Chloe L Fisher,Adrian W Signell,Gilberto Betancor,Harry D Wilson,Gaia Nebbia,Flavia Flaviani,Alberto C Cerda,Tammy V Merrill,Rebekah E Wilson,Marius Cotic,Nadua Bayzid,Thomas G. Thompson,Erwan Acheson,Steven Rushton,Sarah J. O'Brien,David Baker,Steven Rudder,Alp Aydin,Fei Sang,Johnny Debebe,Sarah François,Tetyana I. Vasylyeva,Marina Escalera Zamudio,Bernardo Gutierrez,Angela Marchbank,Joshua Maksimovic,Karla Spellman,Kathryn McCluggage,M Morgan,Robert Beer,Safiah Afifi,Trudy Workman,William D. Fuller,Catherine Bresner,Adrienn Angyal,Luke R. Green,Paul J. Parsons,Rachel Tucker,Rebecca C H Brown,Max Whiteley,James Bonfield,Christoph Puethe,Andrew Whitwham,Jennifier Liddle,Will P. M. Rowe,Igor Siveroni,Thanh Le-Viet,Amy Gaskin,Robert E. Johnson +592 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assessed RT-PCR swab-positivity in the REAL-time Assessment of Community Transmissibility (RACT) in many countries associated with the Delta variant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid increase in Omicron infections in England during December 2021: REACT-1 study
Marc Chadeau-Hyam,Ling Wang,Mohammad Albaji,Konstantinos G. Nikolakopoulos,Shariff, M. H. B. M. +4 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors analyzed the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and its dynamics in England from the end of November to mid-December 2021 among almost 100,000 participants in the REACT-1 study.
References
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TL;DR: These early estimates give an indication of the fatality ratio across the spectrum of COVID-19 disease and show a strong age gradient in risk of death.
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Social contacts and mixing patterns relevant to the spread of infectious diseases.
Joël Mossong,Niel Hens,Mark Jit,Philippe Beutels,Kari Auranen,Rafael T. Mikolajczyk,Marco Massari,Stefania Salmaso,Gianpaolo Scalia Tomba,Jacco Wallinga,Janneke C. M. Heijne,Malgorzata Sadkowska-Todys,Magdalena Rosinska,W. John Edmunds +13 more
TL;DR: This study provides the first large-scale quantitative approach to contact patterns relevant for infections transmitted by the respiratory or close-contact route, and the results should lead to improved parameterisation of mathematical models used to design control strategies.
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Estimating the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in Europe.
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TL;DR: The results show that major non-pharmaceutical interventions and lockdown in particular have had a large effect on reducing transmission and continued intervention should be considered to keep transmission of SARS-CoV-2 under control.
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