Journal ArticleDOI
Stress and the brain: from adaptation to disease
TLDR
In response to stress, the brain activates several neuropeptide-secreting systems, which eventually leads to the release of adrenal corticosteroid hormones, which subsequently feed back on the brain and bind to two types of nuclear receptor that act as transcriptional regulators as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
In response to stress, the brain activates several neuropeptide-secreting systems. This eventually leads to the release of adrenal corticosteroid hormones, which subsequently feed back on the brain and bind to two types of nuclear receptor that act as transcriptional regulators. By targeting many genes, corticosteroids function in a binary fashion, and serve as a master switch in the control of neuronal and network responses that underlie behavioural adaptation. In genetically predisposed individuals, an imbalance in this binary control mechanism can introduce a bias towards stress-related brain disease after adverse experiences. New candidate susceptibility genes that serve as markers for the prediction of vulnerable phenotypes are now being identified.read more
Citations
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Epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in human brain associates with childhood abuse
Patrick O. McGowan,Aya Sasaki,Aya Sasaki,Ana C. D'Alessio,Sergiy Dymov,Benoit Labonté,Moshe Szyf,Gustavo Turecki,Michael J. Meaney,Michael J. Meaney +9 more
TL;DR: Findings translate previous results from rat to humans and suggest a common effect of parental care on the epigenetic regulation of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor expression.
Journal ArticleDOI
The molecular neurobiology of depression
TL;DR: Recent studies combining behavioural, molecular and electrophysiological techniques reveal that certain aspects of depression result from maladaptive stress-induced neuroplastic changes in specific neural circuits and show that understanding the mechanisms of resilience to stress offers a crucial new dimension for the development of fundamentally novel antidepressant treatments.
Journal ArticleDOI
About sleep's role in memory
Bjoern Rasch,Jan Born,Jan Born +2 more
TL;DR: This review aims to comprehensively cover the field of "sleep and memory" research by providing a historical perspective on concepts and a discussion of more recent key findings.
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Major depressive disorder.
Robert H. Belmaker,Galila Agam +1 more
TL;DR: This review presents the major current approaches to understanding the biologic mechanisms of major depression and defines depression as a heterogeneous disorder with a highly variable course, an inconsistent response to treatment, and no established mechanism.
Journal ArticleDOI
New approaches to antidepressant drug discovery: beyond monoamines
Olivier Berton,Eric J. Nestler +1 more
TL;DR: A recent review summarizes the obstacles that have hindered the development of non-monoamine-based antidepressants, and provides a progress report on some of the most promising current strategies as discussed by the authors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term adaptations in glucocorticoid receptor and mineralocorticoid receptor mRNA and negative feedback on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis following neonatal maternal separation.
TL;DR: Results are consistent with the hypothesis that in rats exposed to moderate neonatal handling-maternal separation, enhanced proactive feedback maintains the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during the diurnal trough, while decreased reactive feedback contributes to prolonged responsiveness of the hypothalamethasone-based axis following an acute stressor.
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Acquired deficit of forebrain glucocorticoid receptor produces depression-like changes in adrenal axis regulation and behavior
Maureen P. Boyle,Judson A. Brewer,Michiyo Funatsu,David F. Wozniak,Joe Z. Tsien,Yukitoshi Izumi,Louis J. Muglia +6 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that imipramine's proposed activities on forebrain GR function are not essential for its antidepressant effects, and that alteration in GR expression may play a causative role in disease onset of major depressive disorder.
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Stress doses of hydrocortisone, traumatic memories, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in patients after cardiac surgery: a randomized study.
Gustav Schelling,Erich Kilger,Benno Roozendaal,Dominique J.-F. de Quervain,Josef Briegel,Alexander Dagge,Hans-Bernd Rothenhäusler,Till Krauseneck,Georg Nollert,Hans-Peter Kapfhammer +9 more
TL;DR: Stress doses of hydrocortisone in patients undergoing CS are associated with a lower intensity of chronic stress and PTSD symptoms at 6 months after CS.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cortisol, pulsatility and its role in stress regulation and health
TL;DR: In this paper, the importance of pulsatility in the design of human stress-response studies has been discussed, both for the design and interpretation of stress response studies and for their interpretation as well as implications for understanding of disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low-dose cortisol for symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Amanda Aerni,Rafael Traber,Christoph Hock,Benno Roozendaal,Gustav Schelling,Andreas Papassotiropoulos,Roger M. Nitsch,Ulrich Schnyder,Dominique J.-F. de Quervain +8 more
TL;DR: The results of this pilot study indicate that low-dose cortisol treatment reduces the cardinal symptoms of PTSD.