Journal ArticleDOI
Stress and the brain: from adaptation to disease
TLDR
In response to stress, the brain activates several neuropeptide-secreting systems, which eventually leads to the release of adrenal corticosteroid hormones, which subsequently feed back on the brain and bind to two types of nuclear receptor that act as transcriptional regulators as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
In response to stress, the brain activates several neuropeptide-secreting systems. This eventually leads to the release of adrenal corticosteroid hormones, which subsequently feed back on the brain and bind to two types of nuclear receptor that act as transcriptional regulators. By targeting many genes, corticosteroids function in a binary fashion, and serve as a master switch in the control of neuronal and network responses that underlie behavioural adaptation. In genetically predisposed individuals, an imbalance in this binary control mechanism can introduce a bias towards stress-related brain disease after adverse experiences. New candidate susceptibility genes that serve as markers for the prediction of vulnerable phenotypes are now being identified.read more
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Diurnal cortisol slopes and mental and physical health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Emma K. Adam,Meghan E. Quinn,Meghan E. Quinn,Royette Tavernier,Mollie T. McQuillan,Katie A. Dahlke,Kirsten Gilbert +6 more
TL;DR: It is argued that flatter diurnal cortisol slopes may both reflect and contribute to stress-related dysregulation of central and peripheral circadian mechanisms, with corresponding downstream effects on multiple aspects of biology, behavior, and health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transgenerational impact of intimate partner violence on methylation in the promoter of the glucocorticoid receptor
Karl M. Radtke,Martina Ruf,Helen M. Gunter,Katalin Dohrmann,Maggie Schauer,Axel Meyer,Thomas Elbert +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown for the first time that methylation status of the GR gene of adolescent children is influenced by their mother's experience of IPV during pregnancy, which is a plausible mechanism by which prenatal stress may program adult psychosocial function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modern approaches to conceptualizing and measuring human life stress.
TL;DR: The present review examines the major issues pertaining to how to best conceptualize and measure life stress, for they will be crucial to resolve if progress is to be made in understanding ways in which life stress may or may not contribute to psychological and physical disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stress-Related Noradrenergic Activity Prompts Large-Scale Neural Network Reconfiguration
Erno J. Hermans,Erno J. Hermans,Hein J. F. van Marle,Hein J. F. van Marle,Lindsey Ossewaarde,Marloes J. A. G. Henckens,Marloes J. A. G. Henckens,Shaozheng Qin,Shaozheng Qin,Marlieke T. R. van Kesteren,Vincent C. Schoots,Vincent C. Schoots,Helena Cousijn,Helena Cousijn,Mark Rijpkema,Robert Oostenveld,Guillén Fernández +16 more
TL;DR: It is revealed that noradrenergic activation during acute stress results in prolonged coupling within a distributed network that integrates information exchange between regions involved in autonomic-neuroendocrine control and vigilant attentional reorienting.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitive impairment associated to HPA axis hyperactivity after maternal separation in rats
TL;DR: The data support the hypothesis that elevated secretion of glucocorticoids may be associated to behavioural and cognitive deficits in MS rats and suggest the possible involvement of the noradrenergic system in cognitive impairments mediated by glucoc Corticoids in the MS model.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of Life Stress on Depression: Moderation by a Polymorphism in the 5-HTT Gene
Avshalom Caspi,Karen Sugden,Terrie E. Moffitt,Alan Taylor,Ian W. Craig,Hona Lee Harrington,Joseph L. McClay,Jonathan Mill,Judy Martin,Antony W. Braithwaite,Richie Poulton +10 more
TL;DR: Evidence of a gene-by-environment interaction is provided, in which an individual's response to environmental insults is moderated by his or her genetic makeup.
Journal ArticleDOI
How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions.
TL;DR: This review considers recent findings regarding GC action and generates criteria for determining whether a particular GC action permits, stimulates, or suppresses an ongoing stress-response or, as an additional category, is preparative for a subsequent stressor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior.
Ian C. G. Weaver,Nadia Cervoni,Frances A. Champagne,Ana C. D'Alessio,Shakti Sharma,Jonathan R. Seckl,Sergiy Dymov,Moshe Szyf,Michael J. Meaney +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that an epigenomic state of a gene can be established through behavioral programming, and it is potentially reversible, suggesting a causal relation among epigenomicState, GR expression and the maternal effect on stress responses in the offspring.
Journal ArticleDOI
Requirement of Hippocampal Neurogenesis for the Behavioral Effects of Antidepressants
Luca Santarelli,Michael Saxe,Cornelius Gross,Alexandre Surget,Fortunato Battaglia,Stephanie C. Dulawa,Noelia V. Weisstaub,James T. Lee,Ronald S. Duman,Ottavio Arancio,Catherine Belzung,René Hen +11 more
TL;DR: It is shown that disrupting antidepressant-induced neurogenesis blocks behavioral responses to antidepressants, suggesting that the behavioral effects of chronic antidepressants may be mediated by the stimulation of neuroGenesis in the hippocampus.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Syndrome produced by Diverse Nocuous Agents
TL;DR: If the organism is severely damaged by acute non-specific nocuous agents such as exposure to cold, surgical injury, production of spinal shock, excessive muscular exercise, or intoxications with sublethal doses of diverse drugs, a typical syndrome appears, the symptoms of which are independent of the nature of the damaging agent or the pharmacological type of the drug employed.