Journal ArticleDOI
Stress and the brain: from adaptation to disease
TLDR
In response to stress, the brain activates several neuropeptide-secreting systems, which eventually leads to the release of adrenal corticosteroid hormones, which subsequently feed back on the brain and bind to two types of nuclear receptor that act as transcriptional regulators as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
In response to stress, the brain activates several neuropeptide-secreting systems. This eventually leads to the release of adrenal corticosteroid hormones, which subsequently feed back on the brain and bind to two types of nuclear receptor that act as transcriptional regulators. By targeting many genes, corticosteroids function in a binary fashion, and serve as a master switch in the control of neuronal and network responses that underlie behavioural adaptation. In genetically predisposed individuals, an imbalance in this binary control mechanism can introduce a bias towards stress-related brain disease after adverse experiences. New candidate susceptibility genes that serve as markers for the prediction of vulnerable phenotypes are now being identified.read more
Citations
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Corticosteroids operate as a switch between memory systems
TL;DR: It is suggested that a stress-induced switch from hippocampus-based to nucleus caudate-based memory systems can rescue performance, and corticosteroids promote the transition from spatial to stimulus–response memory systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional actions of corticosteroids in the hippocampus
TL;DR: A better understanding of the corticosteroid actions could lead to a more rational treatment strategy of stress-related disorders, and help to normalize hippocampal activity some hours after the stressful event.
Journal ArticleDOI
BDNF and glucocorticoids regulate corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) homeostasis in the hypothalamus
Freddy Jeanneteau,W. Marcus Lambert,Naima Ismaili,Kevin G. Bath,Francis S. Lee,Michael J. Garabedian,Moses V. Chao +6 more
TL;DR: Investigation of the role of the GR in CRH neurons finds the differential regulation of CRH relies upon the cAMP response-element binding protein coactivator CRTC2, which serves as a switch for BDNF and glucocorticoids to direct the expression ofCRH.
Journal ArticleDOI
Computations of uncertainty mediate acute stress responses in humans
Archy O. de Berker,Archy O. de Berker,Robb B. Rutledge,Robb B. Rutledge,Christoph Mathys,Christoph Mathys,Louise Marshall,Gemma F. Cross,Raymond J. Dolan,Raymond J. Dolan,Sven Bestmann +10 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that subjective estimates of uncertainty predict the dynamics of subjective and physiological stress responses, and the finding that stress responses are tuned to environmental uncertainty provides new insight into their generation and likely adaptive function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stress during development: Impact on neuroplasticity and relevance to psychopathology.
TL;DR: Data from experimental studies aimed at investigating behavioral, hormonal, functional and molecular consequences of exposure to stressful events during prenatal or early postnatal life that might contribute to later psychopathology are reviewed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of Life Stress on Depression: Moderation by a Polymorphism in the 5-HTT Gene
Avshalom Caspi,Karen Sugden,Terrie E. Moffitt,Alan Taylor,Ian W. Craig,Hona Lee Harrington,Joseph L. McClay,Jonathan Mill,Judy Martin,Antony W. Braithwaite,Richie Poulton +10 more
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How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Requirement of Hippocampal Neurogenesis for the Behavioral Effects of Antidepressants
Luca Santarelli,Michael Saxe,Cornelius Gross,Alexandre Surget,Fortunato Battaglia,Stephanie C. Dulawa,Noelia V. Weisstaub,James T. Lee,Ronald S. Duman,Ottavio Arancio,Catherine Belzung,René Hen +11 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Syndrome produced by Diverse Nocuous Agents
TL;DR: If the organism is severely damaged by acute non-specific nocuous agents such as exposure to cold, surgical injury, production of spinal shock, excessive muscular exercise, or intoxications with sublethal doses of diverse drugs, a typical syndrome appears, the symptoms of which are independent of the nature of the damaging agent or the pharmacological type of the drug employed.