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Subcortical origins of human and monkey neocortical interneurons

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TLDR
It is proposed that the majority of primate neocortical GABAergic interneurons originate from ganglionic eminences of the ventral telencephalon, and this work reveals that the mammalian neocortex shares basic rules for interneuron development, substantially reshaping the understanding of the origin and classification ofPrimate neocortex.
Abstract
In primates, the developmental origin of neocortical interneurons is controversial. Here the authors map out expression patterns of key transcription factors in the developing human and monkey brain and reveal that, just as in rodents, the majority of cortical GABAergic neurons originate from the ganglionic eminences.

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Citations
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Transcription Factors Sp8 and Sp9 Coordinately Regulate Olfactory Bulb Interneuron Development.

TL;DR: It is shown that Sp8 and Sp9 coordinately regulate OB interneuron development, and newly born neuroblasts in the V-SVZ-RMS-OB system fail to express Prokr2 and Tshz1 expression, genes with known roles in promoting OB interneeuron differentiation and migration, and that are involved in human Kallmann syndrome.
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Radial glia in the ventral telencephalon

TL;DR: Current knowledge about subpallial neural stem cells and their progeny is reviewed, focusing on the period of neurogenesis and the role of clonal lineage in the organization and specification of mature neurons.
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Radial and tangential migration of telencephalic somatostatin neurons originated from the mouse diagonal area

TL;DR: This report maps descriptively the early differentiation and apparent migratory dispersion of mouse subpallial somatostatin-expressing (Sst) cells from E10.5 onward, comparing their topography with the expression patterns of the genes Dlx5, Gbx2, Lhx7-8, Nkx2.1, Hmx3, and Shh, which variously label parts of the subpallium.
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Crosstalk between intracellular and extracellular signals regulating interneuron production, migration and integration into the cortex

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of the interplay between microenvironmental signals and cell autonomous programs that drive cortical interneuron porduction, tangential migration, and intergration in the developing cerebral cortex.
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Altered expression of developmental regulators of parvalbumin and somatostatin neurons in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia

TL;DR: The over-expression of a subset of molecular markers with distinct roles in the pre- and postnatal development of parvalbumin and somatostatin neurons might reflect compensatory mechanisms to sustain the development of these neurons in the face of other insults.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Model of autism: increased ratio of excitation/inhibition in key neural systems

TL;DR: In this paper, a model that postulates that some forms of autism are caused by an increased ratio of excitation/inhibition in sensory, mnemonic, social and emotional systems is proposed.
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Cortical inhibitory neurons and schizophrenia

TL;DR: Convergent findings indicate that a deficiency in signalling through the TrkB neurotrophin receptor leads to reduced GABA synthesis in the parvalbumin-containing subpopulation of inhibitory GABA neurons in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of individuals with schizophrenia.
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Spatio-temporal transcriptome of the human brain

TL;DR: The generation and analysis of exon-level transcriptome and associated genotyping data, representing males and females of different ethnicities, from multiple brain regions and neocortical areas of developing and adult post-mortem human brains, finds that 86 per cent of the genes analysed were expressed, and that 90 per cent were differentially regulated at the whole-transcript or exon level acrossbrain regions and/or time.
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Three groups of interneurons account for nearly 100% of neocortical GABAergic neurons

TL;DR: The universal modulation of these neurons by serotonin and acetylcholine via ionotropic receptors suggests that they might be involved in shaping cortical circuits during specific brain states andbehavioral contexts.
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Neurogenic radial glia in the outer subventricular zone of human neocortex

TL;DR: This work finds that OSVZ radial glia-like cells have a long basal process but, surprisingly, are non-epithelial as they lack contact with the ventricular surface, and demonstrates that these cells can undergo proliferative divisions and self-renewing asymmetric divisions to generate neuronal progenitor cells that can proliferate further.
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Trending Questions (1)
What is the origin of GABAAR in human evolution?

The provided paper does not mention the origin of GABAAR in human evolution. The paper focuses on the developmental origin of neocortical interneurons in primates.