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Subcortical origins of human and monkey neocortical interneurons

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TLDR
It is proposed that the majority of primate neocortical GABAergic interneurons originate from ganglionic eminences of the ventral telencephalon, and this work reveals that the mammalian neocortex shares basic rules for interneuron development, substantially reshaping the understanding of the origin and classification ofPrimate neocortex.
Abstract
In primates, the developmental origin of neocortical interneurons is controversial. Here the authors map out expression patterns of key transcription factors in the developing human and monkey brain and reveal that, just as in rodents, the majority of cortical GABAergic neurons originate from the ganglionic eminences.

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Citations
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Efficient Specification of Interneurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells by Dorsoventral and Rostrocaudal Modulation

TL;DR: It is proposed that signaling modulation recapitulating normal developmental patterns efficiently generate human GABAergic interneurons, which represents a novel tool in regenerative medicine, developmental studies, disease modeling, bioassay, and drug screening.
Journal ArticleDOI

Substantial DNA methylation differences between two major neuronal subtypes in human brain.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that functional differences between neuronal subtypes are linked to their epigenetic specification, and regions that are differentially methylated in GABA and GLU neurons were significantly enriched for schizophrenia risk loci.
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Sensory inputs control the integration of neurogliaform interneurons into cortical circuits

TL;DR: It is suggested that thalamic inputs are critical in determining the balance between local and long-range connectivity and are fundamental to the proper integration of Reelin-expressing interneurons into nascent cortical circuits.
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Thinking out of the dish: what to learn about cortical development using pluripotent stem cells

TL;DR: Findings are reviewed with emphasis on the new perspectives that PSC can differentiate into a wide range of cortical neurons in vitro, which can integrate appropriately into the brain following in vivo transplantation.
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Decision making during interneuron migration in the developing cerebral cortex

TL;DR: The cellular and molecular underpinnings of the major decision-making steps involved in the process of oriental navigation of cortical interneurons in the developing brain are examined.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Model of autism: increased ratio of excitation/inhibition in key neural systems

TL;DR: In this paper, a model that postulates that some forms of autism are caused by an increased ratio of excitation/inhibition in sensory, mnemonic, social and emotional systems is proposed.
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Cortical inhibitory neurons and schizophrenia

TL;DR: Convergent findings indicate that a deficiency in signalling through the TrkB neurotrophin receptor leads to reduced GABA synthesis in the parvalbumin-containing subpopulation of inhibitory GABA neurons in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of individuals with schizophrenia.
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Spatio-temporal transcriptome of the human brain

TL;DR: The generation and analysis of exon-level transcriptome and associated genotyping data, representing males and females of different ethnicities, from multiple brain regions and neocortical areas of developing and adult post-mortem human brains, finds that 86 per cent of the genes analysed were expressed, and that 90 per cent were differentially regulated at the whole-transcript or exon level acrossbrain regions and/or time.
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Three groups of interneurons account for nearly 100% of neocortical GABAergic neurons

TL;DR: The universal modulation of these neurons by serotonin and acetylcholine via ionotropic receptors suggests that they might be involved in shaping cortical circuits during specific brain states andbehavioral contexts.
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Neurogenic radial glia in the outer subventricular zone of human neocortex

TL;DR: This work finds that OSVZ radial glia-like cells have a long basal process but, surprisingly, are non-epithelial as they lack contact with the ventricular surface, and demonstrates that these cells can undergo proliferative divisions and self-renewing asymmetric divisions to generate neuronal progenitor cells that can proliferate further.
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Trending Questions (1)
What is the origin of GABAAR in human evolution?

The provided paper does not mention the origin of GABAAR in human evolution. The paper focuses on the developmental origin of neocortical interneurons in primates.