Journal ArticleDOI
The impact of the ITER-like wall at JET on disruptions
P. de Vries,G. Arnoux,A. Huber,J. Flanagan,Michael Lehnen,V. Riccardo,C. Reux,S. Jachmich,C.G. Lowry,G. Calabrò,D. Frigione,M. Tsalas,N. Hartmann,S. Brezinsek,M. Clever,D. Douai,M. Groth,T. C. Hender,Etienne Hodille,E. Joffrin,U. Kruezi,G. F. Matthews,J. Morris,R. Neu,V. Philipps,Gennady Sergienko,M. Sertoli,Jet-Efda Contributors +27 more
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TLDR
The full-metal ITER-like wall (ILW) at JET was found to have a profound impact on the physics of disruptions, yielding higher plasma temperatures after the thermal quench and thus longer current quench times.Abstract:
The new full-metal ITER-like wall (ILW) at JET was found to have a profound impact on the physics of disruptions. The main difference is a significantly lower fraction (by up to a factor of 5) of energy radiated during the disruption process, yielding higher plasma temperatures after the thermal quench and thus longer current quench times. Thus, a larger fraction of the total energy was conducted to the wall resulting in larger heat loads. Active mitigation by means of massive gas injection became a necessity to avoid beryllium melting already at moderate levels of thermal and magnetic energy (i.e. already at plasma currents of 2 MA). A slower current quench, however, reduced the risk of runaway generation. Another beneficial effect of the ILW is that disruptions have a negligible impact on the formation and performance of the subsequent discharge.read more
Citations
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Runaway Electron Generation with the ITER-like Wall and Efficiency of Massive Gas Injection at JET
C. Reux,V. Plyusnin,R. Koslowski,B. Alper,Diogo Alves,Boris Bazylev,Eva Belonohy,S. Brezinsek,J. Decker,Stéphane Devaux,P. Drewelow,P. de Vries,A. Fil,S.N. Gerasimov,L. Giacomelli,Ivan Lupelli,S. Jachmich,V. G. Kiptily,U. Kruezi,Michael Lehnen,A. Manzanares,Jan Mlynar,Eric Nardon,E. Nilsson,V. Riccardo,F. Saint-Laurent,Carlo Sozzi +26 more
TL;DR: In this article, Romanelli et al. showed that runaway avoidance using MGI was successful only if the gas arrived early enough in the disruption development, and the MGI radiation asymmetries depending on the locking phase of the mode lock were observed.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Tungsten experiences in ASDEX Upgrade and JET
R. Neu,S. Brezinsek,M. Beurskens,V. Bobkov,P. de Vries,C. Giroud,E. Joffrin,A. Kallenbach,G. F. Matthews,M.-L. Mayoral,G. Pautasso,Th. Pütterich,F. Ryter,J. Schweinzer +13 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the effect of the use of metal PFCs on the performance of the ITER-like wall (ILW) project in the main chamber and the divertor of the JET.
Dissertation
The role of magnetic perturbations in runaway electron and sawtooth dynamics
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of magnetic perturbations on the radial plasma transport has been investigated in large tokamaks and it has been shown that, in a properly chosen perturbation geometry, runaway electrons are rapidly lost from approximately the outer half of the confinement volume.
Journal Article
The influence of an ITER-like wall on disruptions at JET
TL;DR: De Vries et al. as mentioned in this paper conducted a survey to identify the root causes, the chain-of-events and classifying each disruption, similar to a previous analysis for carbon-wall operations.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Control, detection and mitigation of disruptions on ITER
TL;DR: In this article, the authors give an overview on all aspects of disruption control with a more detailed discussion of the requirements for the disruption mitigation system (DMS), which is also the system that optimizes triggering of the DMS should a disruption be imminent despite all control efforts.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chapter 3: MHD stability, operational limits and disruptions
T. C. Hender,J.C. Wesley,J.M. Bialek,Anders Bondeson,Allen H. Boozer,R.J. Buttery,Am Garofalo,Timothy Goodman,Robert Granetz,Y. Gribov,O. Gruber,Mikhail Gryaznevich,G. Giruzzi,Sibylle Günter,Nobuhiko Hayashi,Per Helander,Chris Hegna,D. F. Howell,D.A. Humphreys,G. T. A. Huysmans,A.W. Hyatt,Akihiko Isayama,Stephen Jardin,Yasunori Kawano,A. Kellman,C.E. Kessel,H. R. Koslowski,R. J. La Haye,E. Lazzaro,Yueqiang Liu,V.E. Lukash,J. Manickam,S. Medvedev,V. Mertens,S. V. Mirnov,Y. Nakamura,G.A. Navratil,M. Okabayashi,Takahisa Ozeki,Roberto Paccagnella,G. Pautasso,F. Porcelli,V. D. Pustovitov,V. Riccardo,M. Sato,Olivier Sauter,M.J. Schaffer,Michiya Shimada,Piergiorgio Sonato,E. J. Strait,M. Sugihara,Manabu Takechi,A. D. Turnbull,E. Westerhof,D.G. Whyte,R. Yoshino,H. Zohm +56 more
TL;DR: A review of recent advances in the area of MHD stability and disruptions, since the publication of the 1999 ITER Physics Basis document (1999 Nucl. Fusion 39 2137-2664), is reviewed in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Density limits in toroidal plasmas
TL;DR: In addition to the operational limits imposed by MHD stability on plasma current and pressure, an independent limit on plasma density is observed in confined toroidal plasmas as mentioned in this paper, where all toroidal confinement devices considered operate in similar ranges of (suitably normalized) densities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Theory for avalanche of runaway electrons in tokamaks
M.N. Rosenbluth,S.V. Putvinski +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of runaway electron formation and its evolution during disruptions in large tokamaks, where avalanche phenomena play a crucial role, is presented, but sufficiently accurate, analytical model suitable for one dimensional (1-D) transport codes is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Disruptions in tokamaks
TL;DR: The cause and dynamics of disruptions will be described for the many different scenarios that these violent events can follow andibilities will be discussed to avoid or at least to ameliorate the damaging effects of disruptions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Survey of disruption causes at JET
P. de Vries,M.F. Johnson,B. Alper,P. Buratti,T. C. Hender,H. R. Koslowski,V. Riccardo,Jet-Efda Contributors +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a survey of the causes of all 2309 JET disruptions over the last decade of JET operations was carried out to obtain a complete picture of all possible disruption causes, in order to devise better strategies to prevent or mitigate their impact.
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Chapter 3: MHD stability, operational limits and disruptions
T. C. Hender,J.C. Wesley,J.M. Bialek,Anders Bondeson,Allen H. Boozer,R.J. Buttery,Am Garofalo,Timothy Goodman,Robert Granetz,Y. Gribov,O. Gruber,Mikhail Gryaznevich,G. Giruzzi,Sibylle Günter,Nobuhiko Hayashi,Per Helander,Chris Hegna,D. F. Howell,D.A. Humphreys,G. T. A. Huysmans,A.W. Hyatt,Akihiko Isayama,Stephen Jardin,Yasunori Kawano,A. Kellman,C.E. Kessel,H. R. Koslowski,R. J. La Haye,E. Lazzaro,Yueqiang Liu,V.E. Lukash,J. Manickam,S. Medvedev,V. Mertens,S. V. Mirnov,Y. Nakamura,G.A. Navratil,M. Okabayashi,Takahisa Ozeki,Roberto Paccagnella,G. Pautasso,F. Porcelli,V. D. Pustovitov,V. Riccardo,M. Sato,Olivier Sauter,M.J. Schaffer,Michiya Shimada,Piergiorgio Sonato,E. J. Strait,M. Sugihara,Manabu Takechi,A. D. Turnbull,E. Westerhof,D.G. Whyte,R. Yoshino,H. Zohm +56 more