Journal ArticleDOI
The impact of the ITER-like wall at JET on disruptions
P. de Vries,G. Arnoux,A. Huber,J. Flanagan,Michael Lehnen,V. Riccardo,C. Reux,S. Jachmich,C.G. Lowry,G. Calabrò,D. Frigione,M. Tsalas,N. Hartmann,S. Brezinsek,M. Clever,D. Douai,M. Groth,T. C. Hender,Etienne Hodille,E. Joffrin,U. Kruezi,G. F. Matthews,J. Morris,R. Neu,V. Philipps,Gennady Sergienko,M. Sertoli,Jet-Efda Contributors +27 more
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TLDR
The full-metal ITER-like wall (ILW) at JET was found to have a profound impact on the physics of disruptions, yielding higher plasma temperatures after the thermal quench and thus longer current quench times.Abstract:
The new full-metal ITER-like wall (ILW) at JET was found to have a profound impact on the physics of disruptions. The main difference is a significantly lower fraction (by up to a factor of 5) of energy radiated during the disruption process, yielding higher plasma temperatures after the thermal quench and thus longer current quench times. Thus, a larger fraction of the total energy was conducted to the wall resulting in larger heat loads. Active mitigation by means of massive gas injection became a necessity to avoid beryllium melting already at moderate levels of thermal and magnetic energy (i.e. already at plasma currents of 2 MA). A slower current quench, however, reduced the risk of runaway generation. Another beneficial effect of the ILW is that disruptions have a negligible impact on the formation and performance of the subsequent discharge.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The influence of an ITER-like wall on disruptions at JET
P. de Vries,M. Baruzzo,G. M. D. Hogeweij,S. Jachmich,E. Joffrin,P. J. Lomas,G. F. Matthews,Andrea Murari,Isabel L. Nunes,Th. Pütterich,C. Reux,Jesús Vega,Jet-Efda Contributors +12 more
TL;DR: De Vries et al. as discussed by the authors conducted a survey to identify the root causes, the chain-of-events and classifying each disruption, similar to a previous analysis for carbon-wall operations.
Journal ArticleDOI
First operation with the JET International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor-like wall
R. Neu,G. Arnoux,M. N. A. Beurskens,V. Bobkov,S. Brezinsek,J. Bucalossi,G. Calabrò,C. D. Challis,J. W. Coenen,E. de la Luna,P. de Vries,R. Dux,Lorenzo Frassinetti,C. Giroud,M. Groth,J. Hobirk,E. Joffrin,Peter Lang,Michael Lehnen,E. Lerche,T. Loarer,P. J. Lomas,G. P. Maddison,C. F. Maggi,G. F. Matthews,S. Marsen,M.-L. Mayoral,A. Meigs,Ph. Mertens,Isabel L. Nunes,V. Philipps,Th. Pütterich,F.G. Rimini,M. Sertoli,B. Sieglin,A. Sips,D. Van Eester,G.J. van Rooij,Jet-Efda Contributors +38 more
TL;DR: In this article, the main wall and divertor of ITER's plasmonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) were investigated with metal PFCs and the results confirmed the expected benefits and limitations of all metal plasma facing components (PFCs) but also yield understanding of operational issues directly relating to ITER.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of an efficient real-time disruption predictor from scratch on JET and implications for ITER
Sebastián Dormido-Canto,Jesús Vega,J. M. Ramirez,Andrea Murari,Raul Moreno,Juan Manuel López,A. Pereira,Jet-Efda Contributors +7 more
TL;DR: The first operations with the new ITER-like wall constitute a good opportunity to test the development of new predictors from scratch and the related methodologies based on the Advanced Predictor Of DISruptions (APODIS) architecture.
Journal ArticleDOI
Melt damage to the JET ITER-like Wall and divertor
G. F. Matthews,B. Bazylev,A. Baron-Wiechec,J. W. Coenen,Kalle Heinola,V. G. Kiptily,H. Maier,C. Reux,V. Riccardo,F.G. Rimini,Gennady Sergienko,V. Thompson,Anna Widdowson,Jet Contributors +13 more
TL;DR: In this paper, JET completed a scoping study involving high power scenario development in preparation for DT along with other experiments critical for ITER, including high power simulation and simulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of ITER-like wall on runaway electron generation in JET
Gergely Papp,Gergely Papp,Tünde Fülöp,T. Feher,P. de Vries,V. Riccardo,C. Reux,M. Lehnen,Vasily Kiptily,V. V. Plyusnin,B. Alper,Jet Contributors +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the ITER-like wall (ILW) on runaway electron (RE) generation through a comparative study of similar slow argon injection JET disruptions, performed with different wall materials.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chapter 3: MHD stability, operational limits and disruptions
T. C. Hender,J.C. Wesley,J.M. Bialek,Anders Bondeson,Allen H. Boozer,R.J. Buttery,Am Garofalo,Timothy Goodman,Robert Granetz,Y. Gribov,O. Gruber,Mikhail Gryaznevich,G. Giruzzi,Sibylle Günter,Nobuhiko Hayashi,Per Helander,Chris Hegna,D. F. Howell,D.A. Humphreys,G. T. A. Huysmans,A.W. Hyatt,Akihiko Isayama,Stephen Jardin,Yasunori Kawano,A. Kellman,C.E. Kessel,H. R. Koslowski,R. J. La Haye,E. Lazzaro,Yueqiang Liu,V.E. Lukash,J. Manickam,S. Medvedev,V. Mertens,S. V. Mirnov,Y. Nakamura,G.A. Navratil,M. Okabayashi,Takahisa Ozeki,Roberto Paccagnella,G. Pautasso,F. Porcelli,V. D. Pustovitov,V. Riccardo,M. Sato,Olivier Sauter,M.J. Schaffer,Michiya Shimada,Piergiorgio Sonato,E. J. Strait,M. Sugihara,Manabu Takechi,A. D. Turnbull,E. Westerhof,D.G. Whyte,R. Yoshino,H. Zohm +56 more
TL;DR: A review of recent advances in the area of MHD stability and disruptions, since the publication of the 1999 ITER Physics Basis document (1999 Nucl. Fusion 39 2137-2664), is reviewed in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Density limits in toroidal plasmas
TL;DR: In addition to the operational limits imposed by MHD stability on plasma current and pressure, an independent limit on plasma density is observed in confined toroidal plasmas as mentioned in this paper, where all toroidal confinement devices considered operate in similar ranges of (suitably normalized) densities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Theory for avalanche of runaway electrons in tokamaks
M.N. Rosenbluth,S.V. Putvinski +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of runaway electron formation and its evolution during disruptions in large tokamaks, where avalanche phenomena play a crucial role, is presented, but sufficiently accurate, analytical model suitable for one dimensional (1-D) transport codes is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Disruptions in tokamaks
TL;DR: The cause and dynamics of disruptions will be described for the many different scenarios that these violent events can follow andibilities will be discussed to avoid or at least to ameliorate the damaging effects of disruptions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Survey of disruption causes at JET
P. de Vries,M.F. Johnson,B. Alper,P. Buratti,T. C. Hender,H. R. Koslowski,V. Riccardo,Jet-Efda Contributors +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a survey of the causes of all 2309 JET disruptions over the last decade of JET operations was carried out to obtain a complete picture of all possible disruption causes, in order to devise better strategies to prevent or mitigate their impact.
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Chapter 3: MHD stability, operational limits and disruptions
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