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Book ChapterDOI

Toward a Critical Race Theory of Education.

Gloria Ladson-Billings, +1 more
- 01 Sep 1995 - 
- Vol. 97, Iss: 1, pp 47-68
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TLDR
In this article, the authors map critical race theory (CRT) scholarship in education over the past decade and draw this map with respect to larger conceptual categories of the scholarship on CRT, primarily focusing on the ideas applied from CRT in legal studies.
Abstract
The goal of this chapter goal is to map critical race theory (CRT) scholarship in education over the past decade and draw this map with respect to larger conceptual categories of the scholarship on CRT, primarily focusing on the ideas applied from CRT in legal studies. The chapter focuses primarily on the past 10 years and creates "spatial" markers based on the view of significant features in the literature. Some of these markers are whiteness as property, counternarrative, and interest convergence. Others are newly-represented such as microaggressions, intersectionality, and research methods. From the perspective of far too many students of color in schools, we are STILL not saved. While the chapter outlines several recommendations for CRT scholarship to move forward, perhaps the most important recommendation is to collectively seek to ensure that CRT becomes more than an intellectual movement.

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Citations
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Creating a New Narrative: Reframing Black Masculinity for College Men

TL;DR: For example, this paper found that Black men experience a duality in their masculinity; they are viewed either as hyper-sexualized, criminal-minded, degenerate, or as assimilationists who have abandoned their African culture, heritage, and sensibilities to cleave to the messages and ideologies of White mainstream culture.
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Accounting for whiteness through collaborative fiction

TL;DR: In this article, a group of mostly white high school students worked with their white facilitators to consider whiteness using Youth Participatory Action Research in conjunction with playbuilding and drama pedagogy.
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Trading Stories: Middle-Class White Women Teachers and the Creation of Collective Narratives About Students and Families in a Diverse Elementary School

TL;DR: This article explored how teachers' racial discrimination affects their professional learning and continuous improvement of teaching practice, and found that collaboration is increasingly part of teachers' professional learning, but there is little exploration of teacher's racial discrimination.
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A Critical Policy Analysis of Texas' "Closing the Gaps 2015".

TL;DR: The authors used critical race theory to provide a counter narrative to the P-16 initiative in Texas known as "Closing the gaps 2015" and found that while these reforms aim to increase educational access and achievement for people of color, they fall short of addressing systemic inequities such as enduring segregation and unconstitutional school finance policy.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Racial formation in the United States : from the 1960s to the 1980s

TL;DR: In this article, the authors close the Pandora's box and discuss race and the ''New Democrats'' in the context of the 2008 United States presidential election, and discuss the great transformation of the United States.
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Black students' school success: Coping with the “burden of ‘acting white’”

TL;DR: In this paper, a framework for understanding how a sense of collective identity enters into the process of schooling and affects academic achievement is proposed, showing how the fear of being accused of "acting white" causes a social and psychological situation which diminishes black students' academic effort and thus leads to underachievement.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Silenced Dialogue : Power and Pedagogy in Educating Other People’s Children

TL;DR: The authors used the debate over process-oriented versus skills-oriented writing instruction as the starting-off point to examine the "culture of power" that exists in society in general and in the educational environment in particular.
Posted Content

Whiteness as Property

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors trace the origins of whiteness as property in the parallel systems of domination of Black and Native American peoples out of which were created racially contingent forms of property and property rights.
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