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Book ChapterDOI

Toward a Critical Race Theory of Education.

Gloria Ladson-Billings, +1 more
- 01 Sep 1995 - 
- Vol. 97, Iss: 1, pp 47-68
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TLDR
In this article, the authors map critical race theory (CRT) scholarship in education over the past decade and draw this map with respect to larger conceptual categories of the scholarship on CRT, primarily focusing on the ideas applied from CRT in legal studies.
Abstract
The goal of this chapter goal is to map critical race theory (CRT) scholarship in education over the past decade and draw this map with respect to larger conceptual categories of the scholarship on CRT, primarily focusing on the ideas applied from CRT in legal studies. The chapter focuses primarily on the past 10 years and creates "spatial" markers based on the view of significant features in the literature. Some of these markers are whiteness as property, counternarrative, and interest convergence. Others are newly-represented such as microaggressions, intersectionality, and research methods. From the perspective of far too many students of color in schools, we are STILL not saved. While the chapter outlines several recommendations for CRT scholarship to move forward, perhaps the most important recommendation is to collectively seek to ensure that CRT becomes more than an intellectual movement.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Districts’ Responses to Demographic Change: Making Sense of Race, Class, and Immigration in Political and Organizational Context

TL;DR: This paper found that racial meaning emerged as central in both districts' policymaking processes as political and organizational contexts interacted to shape district leaders' meaning-making and policy responses, including those stemming from race, immigration, and poverty.
Journal ArticleDOI

An Exploration of the Relationships between Student Racial Background and the School Sub-Contexts of Office Discipline Referrals: A Critical Race Theory Analysis.

TL;DR: A growing body of research indicates that exclusionary school discipline practices disproportionately impact students of color as mentioned in this paper, and some scholars have theorized that racial disparities likely vary acro-professionally.
Journal ArticleDOI

You can't erase race! Using CRT to explain the presence of race and racism in majority white suburban schools

TL;DR: In this paper, a critical race analysis of contemporary suburban schooling in the US, the author challenges the ideology of color-blind racial contexts and employs the concepts of colorblindness, interest-convergence, racial realism, and white privilege to explain how federal mandates and common school policies and practices, such as tracking, traditional curricula, teacher classroom practices, and student surveillance, sustain a racially hostile environment for students of color in majority white suburban schools.
Journal ArticleDOI

Missing In Interaction: Diversity, Narrative, and Critical Multicultural Social Studies

TL;DR: The authors argued that efforts to create narratives that embody diversity are flawed, due to their failure to represent the interactions between diverse groups and whites in US history, and argued that a critical multicultural social studies must focus on the actions and interactions among diverse groups to make visible power relations in United States history and society.
Journal ArticleDOI

Black Female Adolescents and Racism in Schools: Experiences in a Colorblind Society

TL;DR: For instance, this article found that most of the definitions of racism centered on prejudice, discrimination, and differential treatment in high school, while the experiences the girls described regarding racism in school illustrated issues of prejudice and discrimination, as well as stereotypes, labels and low teacher expectations.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Racial formation in the United States : from the 1960s to the 1980s

TL;DR: In this article, the authors close the Pandora's box and discuss race and the ''New Democrats'' in the context of the 2008 United States presidential election, and discuss the great transformation of the United States.
Journal ArticleDOI

Black students' school success: Coping with the “burden of ‘acting white’”

TL;DR: In this paper, a framework for understanding how a sense of collective identity enters into the process of schooling and affects academic achievement is proposed, showing how the fear of being accused of "acting white" causes a social and psychological situation which diminishes black students' academic effort and thus leads to underachievement.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Silenced Dialogue : Power and Pedagogy in Educating Other People’s Children

TL;DR: The authors used the debate over process-oriented versus skills-oriented writing instruction as the starting-off point to examine the "culture of power" that exists in society in general and in the educational environment in particular.
Posted Content

Whiteness as Property

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors trace the origins of whiteness as property in the parallel systems of domination of Black and Native American peoples out of which were created racially contingent forms of property and property rights.
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