Federal University of São Carlos

About: Federal University of São Carlos is a education organization based out in São Carlos, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Microstructure. The organization has 16471 authors who have published 34057 publications receiving 456654 citations. The organization is also known as: UFSCar & Federal University of São Carlos.

Long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the DUNE experiment

Abstract: The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5σ, for all δCP values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3σ (5σ) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50% of all δCP values. It will also make precise measurements of other parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to sin 22 θ13 to current reactor experiments.

Efficient Mitchell’s Approximate Log Multipliers for Convolutional Neural Networks

Abstract: This paper proposes energy-efficient approximate multipliers based on the Mitchell’s log multiplication, optimized for performing inferences on convolutional neural networks (CNN). Various design techniques are applied to the log multiplier, including a fully-parallel LOD, efficient shift amount calculation, and exact zero computation. Additionally, the truncation of the operands is studied to create the customizable log multiplier that further reduces energy consumption. The paper also proposes using the one’s complements to handle negative numbers, as an approximation of the two’s complements that had been used in the prior works. The viability of the proposed designs is supported by the detailed formal analysis as well as the experimental results on CNNs. The experiments also provide insights into the effect of approximate multiplication in CNNs, identifying the importance of minimizing the range of error.The proposed customizable design at $w$w = 8 saves up to 88 percent energy compared to the exact fixed-point multiplier at 32 bits with just a performance degradation of 0.2 percent for the ImageNet ILSVRC2012 dataset.

Direct electron transfer of glucose oxidase at glassy carbon electrode modified with functionalized carbon nanotubes within a dihexadecylphosphate film

Abstract: A glassy carbon electrode modified with functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) immobilized by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) in a dihexadecylphosphate film was prepared and characterized by cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy. It was used as a support for FAD or glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilization with EDC/NHS crosslinking agents. Cyclic voltammetry of GOx immobilized onto the surface of CNTs showed a pair of well-defined redox peaks, which correspond to the direct electron transfer of GOx, with a formal potential of −0.418 V vs . Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0). An apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant of 1.69 s −1 was obtained. The dependence of half wave potential on pH indicated that the direct electron transfer reaction of GOx involves a two-electron, two-proton transfer. The determination of glucose was carried out by square wave voltammetry and the developed biosensor showed good reproducibility and stability. The proposed method could be easily extended to immobilize and evaluate the direct electron transfer of other redox enzymes or proteins.

Lipid profile of HIV-infected patients in relation to antiretroviral therapy: a review

Abstract: This study reviewed the lipid profile of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients in relation to use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and its different classes of drugs. A total of 190 articles published in peer-reviewed journals were retrieved from PubMed and LILACS databases; 88 of them met the selection criteria and were included in the review. Patients with HIV/AIDS without ART presented an increase of triglycerides and decreases of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL-c), and high density lipoprotein (HDL-c) levels. Distinct ART regimens appear to promote different alterations in lipid metabolism. Protease inhibitors, particularly indinavir and lopinavir, were commonly associated with hypercholesterolemia, high LDL-c, low HDL-c, and hypertriglyceridemia. The protease inhibitor atazanavir is apparently associated with a more advantageous lipid profile. Some nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (didanosine, stavudine, and zidovudine) induced lipoatrophy and hypertriglyceridemia, whereas abacavir increased the risk of cardiovascular diseases even in the absence of apparent lipid disorders, and tenofovir resulted in lower levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. Although non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors predisposed to hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, nevirapine was particularly associated with high HDL-c levels, a protective factor against cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the infection itself, different classes of drugs, and some drugs from the same class of ART appear to exert distinct alterations in lipid metabolism.