Nanjing University of Science and Technology

About: Nanjing University of Science and Technology is a education organization based out in Nanjing, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Computer science. The organization has 31581 authors who have published 36390 publications receiving 525474 citations. The organization is also known as: Nánjīng Lǐgōng Dàxué & Nánlǐgōng.

Adaptive step-size strategy for noise-robust Fourier ptychographic microscopy.

Abstract: The incremental gradient approaches, such as PIE and ePIE, are widely used in the field of ptychographic imaging due to their great flexibility and computational efficiency. Nevertheless, their stability and reconstruction quality may be significantly degraded when non-negligible noise is present in the image. Though this problem is often attributed to the non-convex nature of phase retrieval, we found the reason for this is more closely related to the choice of the step-size, which needs to be gradually diminishing for convergence even in the convex case. To this end, we introduce an adaptive step-size strategy that decreases the step-size whenever sufficient progress is not made. The synthetic and real experiments on Fourier ptychographic microscopy show that the adaptive step-size strategy significantly improves the stability and robustness of the reconstruction towards noise yet retains the fast initial convergence speed of PIE and ePIE. More importantly, the proposed approach is simple, nonparametric, and does not require any preknowledge about the noise statistics. The great performance and limited computational complexity make it a very attractive and promising technique for robust Fourier ptychographic microscopy under noisy conditions.

Model-free–based terminal SMC of quadrotor attitude and position

Abstract: In this paper, a model-free–based terminal sliding-mode control (MFTSMC) strategy is developed to control the attitude and position of a quadrotor whose model includes parameter variations, uncertainties, and external disturbances. The proposed MFTSMC combines a model-free control approach with a sliding-mode technique and makes possible to eliminate the tracking error in a finite time. To demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed MFTSMC, numerical simulation results have been obtained and compared with corresponding results for PID, backstepping and sliding-mode controls.

4-Octyl itaconate inhibits aerobic glycolysis by targeting GAPDH to exert anti-inflammatory effects

Abstract: Activated macrophages switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, similar to the Warburg effect, presenting a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory disease. The endogenous metabolite itaconate has been reported to regulate macrophage function, but its precise mechanism is not clear. Here, we show that 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI, a cell-permeable itaconate derivative) directly alkylates cysteine residue 22 on the glycolytic enzyme GAPDH and decreases its enzyme activity. Glycolytic flux analysis by U13C glucose tracing provides evidence that 4-OI blocks glycolytic flux at GAPDH. 4-OI thereby downregulates aerobic glycolysis in activated macrophages, which is required for its anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory effects of 4-OI are replicated by heptelidic acid, 2-DG and reversed by increasing wild-type (but not C22A mutant) GAPDH expression. 4-OI protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced lethality in vivo and inhibits cytokine release. These findings show that 4-OI has anti-inflammatory effects by targeting GAPDH to decrease aerobic glycolysis in macrophages. Redirection of the TCA cycle intermediate aconitate to itaconate production has anti-inflammatory effects. Here the authors show that the itaconate derivative 4-octyl-itaconate is anti-inflammatory partly as a result of inhibiting GAPDH enzymatic activity and thereby glycolysis in macrophages.