Oswaldo Cruz Foundation

About: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation is a facility organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Trypanosoma cruzi. The organization has 18673 authors who have published 36752 publications receiving 802378 citations. The organization is also known as: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz & FIOCRUZ.

Modelling adult Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus survival at different temperatures in laboratory and field settings

Abstract: Background The survival of adult female Aedes mosquitoes is a critical component of their ability to transmit pathogens such as dengue viruses. One of the principal determinants of Aedes survival is temperature, which has been associated with seasonal changes in Aedes populations and limits their geographical distribution. The effects of temperature and other sources of mortality have been studied in the field, often via mark-release-recapture experiments, and under controlled conditions in the laboratory. Survival results differ and reconciling predictions between the two settings has been hindered by variable measurements from different experimental protocols, lack of precision in measuring survival of free-ranging mosquitoes, and uncertainty about the role of age-dependent mortality in the field.

Plantas do pantanal

Abstract: 631RESENHA / REVIEWMissao na Selva Emil Odebrecht (1835-1912), umprussiano no Brasil Moacir Werneck de Castro Riode Janeiro: AC&M, 1994Ja havia resenhado o livro de Moacir Werneck deCastro sobre Fritz Muller, mas neste ele se superouLogo no inicio, uma frase do Doutor Blumenausobre o vale do Itajai, naquela epoca: “Aqui pareceque tudo parou no primeiro dia da Criacao” asseme-lha-se a definicao de Euclides da Cunha para a Ama-zonia: “Terra ainda quente do Genesis”Muito interessante a descricao da area em que seergueria a cidade de BlumenauFoi muito agradavel encontrar a formacao da Colo-nia Itajai, atual cidade de Brusque, onde iniciei a mi-nha carreira de pesquisadorCom respeito as amizades de Odebrecht, edestacada a importância da Sociedade dos Atirado-res, como a que conheci em Brusque, no papel denucleo de onde nasceram outras associacoes impor-tantes para o desenvolvimento da coloniaO grande parteiro de Blumenau, Friedenreich, quese registrara na colonia como veterinario, por ser fo-ragido da justica, aqui aparece como medico diploma-do e com pratica na AlemanhaUm debate sobre a construcao da ferrovia para oplanalto, entre os tres grandes pioneiros de Blume-nau, Odebrecht, Fritz Muller e Friedenreich, realizadonuma clareira da floresta, e do maior interesse para oentendimento da mentalidade desses grandes homensCom base na correspondencia trocada entre osmembros daqui e da Alemanha, o autor reconstitui avida da famflia OdebrechtDeixa a melhor impressao o respeito que Ode-brecht tinha pelos indios e a sua revolta contra asmatancas, as vezes patrocinadas por autoridadesgovernamentaisAo comentar a atuacao de Odebrecht na Repar-ticao dos Telegrafos, o autor aproveita para incluiruma pequena biografia do Barao de Capanema,figurailustre de brasileiro pouco conhecidoEm boa hora, o autor anexou ao livro o diario daexpedicao de Odebrecht as cabeceiras dos formado-res do rio Itajai-Acu Ali pode ser visto a durezaque e o trabalho de um engenheiro exploradorMario B Aragao

Description of 13 Infants Born During October 2015–January 2016 With Congenital Zika Virus Infection Without Microcephaly at Birth — Brazil

Abstract: Congenital Zika virus infection can cause microcephaly and severe brain abnormalities (1). Congenital Zika syndrome comprises a spectrum of clinical features (2); however, as is the case with most newly recognized teratogens, the earliest documented clinical presentation is expected to be the most severe. Initial descriptions of the effects of in utero Zika virus infection centered prominently on the finding of congenital microcephaly (3). To assess the possibility of clinical presentations that do not include congenital microcephaly, a retrospective assessment of 13 infants from the Brazilian states of Pernambuco and Ceara with normal head size at birth and laboratory evidence of congenital Zika virus infection was conducted. All infants had brain abnormalities on neuroimaging consistent with congenital Zika syndrome, including decreased brain volume, ventriculomegaly, subcortical calcifications, and cortical malformations. The earliest evaluation occurred on the second day of life. Among all infants, head growth was documented to have decelerated as early as 5 months of age, and 11 infants had microcephaly. These findings provide evidence that among infants with prenatal exposure to Zika virus, the absence of microcephaly at birth does not exclude congenital Zika virus infection or the presence of Zika-related brain and other abnormalities. These findings support the recommendation for comprehensive medical and developmental follow-up of infants exposed to Zika virus prenatally. Early neuroimaging might identify brain abnormalities related to congenital Zika infection even among infants with a normal head circumference (4).

Social distancing measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic: potential impacts and challenges in Brazil

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged researchers and policy makers to identify public safety measures forpreventing the collapse of healthcare systems and reducingdeaths. This narrative review summarizes the available evidence on the impact of social distancing measures on the epidemic and discusses the implementation of these measures in Brazil. Articles on the effect of social distancing on COVID-19 were selected from the PubMed, medRXiv and bioRvix databases. Federal and state legislation was analyzed to summarize the strategies implemented in Brazil. Social distancing measures adopted by the population appear effective, particularly when implemented in conjunction with the isolation of cases and quarantining of contacts. Therefore, social distancing measures, and social protection policies to guarantee the sustainability of these measures, should be implemented. To control COVID-19 in Brazil, it is also crucial that epidemiological monitoring is strengthened at all three levels of the Brazilian National Health System (SUS). This includes evaluating and usingsupplementary indicators to monitor the progression of the pandemic and the effect of the control measures, increasing testing capacity, and making disaggregated notificationsand testing resultstransparentand broadly available.