Pusan National University

About: Pusan National University is a education organization based out in Busan, South Korea. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Population. The organization has 24124 authors who have published 45054 publications receiving 819356 citations. The organization is also known as: Busan National University & Pusan University.

Ferromagnetism in Mn-doped Ge

Abstract: We have successfully fabricated highly (up to 6%) Mn-doped bulk Ge single crystals. The lattice constant increases linearly with Mn concentration due to the larger Mn atomic radius compared with Ge, strongly indicating that Mn ions are being incorporated into the host Ge lattice. Alloys with lower Mn concentrations showed paramagnetism due to localized magnetic ions. ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{0.94}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{0.06}$ showed ferromagnetic ordering at \ensuremath{\sim}285 K, as determined from temperature-dependent magnetization and resistance measurements. The coersive field was 1260 Oe at 250 K.

Technical design report for the upgrade of the ALICE inner tracking system

Abstract: ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is studying the physics of strongly interacting matter, and in particular the properties of the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP), using proton–proton, proton–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus collisions at the CERN LHC (Large Hadron Collider). The ALICE Collaboration is preparing a major upgrade of the experimental apparatus, planned for installation in the second long LHC shutdown in the years 2018–2019. A key element of the ALICE upgrade is the construction of a new, ultra-light, high- resolution Inner Tracking System (ITS) based on monolithic CMOS pixel detectors. The primary focus of the ITS upgrade is on improving the performance for detection of heavy-flavour hadrons, and of thermal photons and low-mass di- electrons emitted by the QGP. With respect to the current detector, the new Inner Tracking System will significantly enhance the determination of the distance of closest approach to the primary vertex, the tracking efficiency at low transverse momenta, and the read-out rate capabilities. This will be obtained by seven concentric detector layers based on a 50 μm thick CMOS pixel sensor with a pixel pitch of about 30×30 μm2. This document, submitted to the LHCC (LHC experiments Committee) in September 2013, presents the design goals, a summary of the R&D activities, with focus on the technical implementation of the main detector components, and the projected detector and physics performance.

Prognostic Value of Metabolic Tumor Volume and Total Lesion Glycolysis in Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract: We conducted a comprehensive systematic review of the literature on volumetric parameters and a meta-analysis of the prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE was performed using the key words PET, head and neck, and volume. Inclusion criteria were 18 F-FDG PET used as an initial imaging tool; studies limited to HNC; patients who had not undergone surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy before PET scans; and studies reporting survival data. Event-free survival and overall survival were considered markers of outcome. The impact of MTV or TLG on survival was measured by the effect size hazard ratio (HR). Data from each study were analyzed using Review Manager. Results: Thirteen studies comprising 1,180 patients were included in this study. The combined HR for adverse events was 3.06 (2.33–4.01, P , 0.00001) with MTV and 3.10 (2.27–4.24, P , 0.00001) with TLG, meaning that tumors with high volumetric parameters were associated with progression or recurrence. Regarding overall survival, the pooled HR was 3.51 (2.62–4.72, P , 0.00001) with MTV and 3.14 (2.24–4.40, P , 0.00001) with TLG. There was no evidence of significant statistical heterogeneity at an I2 of 0%. Conclusion: MTV and TLG are prognostic predictors of outcome in patients with HNC. Despite clinically heterogeneous HNC and the various methods adopted between studies, we can confirm that patients with a high MTV or TLG have a higher risk of adverse events or death.

Predictors of relationship quality and loyalty in the chain restaurant industry.

Abstract: The focus of this research was the chain restaurant industry, and its purpose was to (1) determine which factors influence relationship quality and customer loyalty formation and (2) examine the connections between relationship quality and loyalty. Based on the literature review, five dimensions influence restaurant patrons’ behavior: food quality, service quality, price, location, and environment. Theoretical relationships between attributes influencing patrons’ behavior, relationship quality, and loyalty were derived from the literature review. Data analysis indicated that these five attributes influence loyalty formation, with impact mediated by relationship quality. They also influence customer satisfaction, with satisfaction influencing loyalty formation directly and indirectly via trust. Furthermore, service quality was the only attribute to directly and indirectly affect trust, and its effect is stronger than that of any other attribute. Managerial implications are discussed.

Interference between two indistinguishable electrons from independent sources

Abstract: Very much like the ubiquitous quantum interference of a single particle with itself, quantum interference of two independent, but indistinguishable, particles is also possible. For a single particle, the interference is between the amplitudes of the particle's wavefunctions, whereas the interference between two particles is a direct result of quantum exchange statistics. Such interference is observed only in the joint probability of finding the particles in two separated detectors, after they were injected from two spatially separated and independent sources. Experimental realizations of two-particle interferometers have been proposed; in these proposals it was shown that such correlations are a direct signature of quantum entanglement between the spatial degrees of freedom of the two particles ('orbital entanglement'), even though they do not interact with each other. In optics, experiments using indistinguishable pairs of photons encountered difficulties in generating pairs of independent photons and synchronizing their arrival times; thus they have concentrated on detecting bunching of photons (bosons) by coincidence measurements. Similar experiments with electrons are rather scarce. Cross-correlation measurements between partitioned currents, emanating from one source, yielded similar information to that obtained from auto-correlation (shot noise) measurements. The proposal of ref. 3 is an electronic analogue to the historical Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiment with classical light. It is based on the electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer that uses edge channels in the quantum Hall effect regime. Here we implement such an interferometer. We partitioned two independent and mutually incoherent electron beams into two trajectories, so that the combined four trajectories enclosed an Aharonov-Bohm flux. Although individual currents and their fluctuations (shot noise measured by auto-correlation) were found to be independent of the Aharonov-Bohm flux, the cross-correlation between current fluctuations at two opposite points across the device exhibited strong Aharonov-Bohm oscillations, suggesting orbital entanglement between the two electron beams.