Tata Memorial Hospital

About: Tata Memorial Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Mumbai, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Cancer & Breast cancer. The organization has 3187 authors who have published 4636 publications receiving 109143 citations.

Assessment of Parametrial Response by Growth Pattern in Patients With International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Stage IIB and IIIB Cervical Cancer: Analysis of Patients From a Prospective, Multicenter Trial (EMBRACE).

Abstract: Purpose To assess disease response along the parametrial space according to tumor morphology in patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIB and IIIB cervical cancer at the time of image-guided adaptive brachytherapy. Methods and Materials Patients with FIGO stage IIB and IIIB cervical cancer registered as of November 2013 in the EMBRACE study were evaluated. Tumors were stratified according to morphologic subtype on magnetic resonance imaging (expansive and infiltrative), and the characteristics of those subtypes were analyzed. Parametrial involvement at diagnosis and at brachytherapy was evaluated, and the response to chemo-radiotherapy was classified as good, moderate, or poor. The response grade was compared between the 2 groups and analyzed with regard to tumor volumes, and dosimetric parameters. Results A total of 452 patients were evaluated, of whom 186 had expansive growth type and 266 had infiltrative morphology. Patients with infiltrative tumors had more extensive disease, as indicated by a higher rate of FIGO stage IIIB disease, as well as radiologic evidence of extension into the distal parametrial space and to the pelvic side wall on magnetic resonance imaging. Cervical necrosis was more common in the infiltrative group. Good response was more common in the expansive group (34% vs 24%; P =.02), and poor response was more common in the infiltrative group (11% and 19%; P =.02). Mean gross tumor volume at diagnosis was equal in both groups (51.7 cm 3 ). The high-risk clinical target volume was larger in infiltrative tumors (37.9 cm 3 vs 33.3 cm 3 , P =.005). The mean high-risk clinical target volume D 90 was slightly higher in expansive tumors (92.7 Gy and 89.4 Gy, P Conclusion Infiltrative tumors are more advanced at presentation and respond less favorably to chemo-radiotherapy when compared with expansive tumors that are more or less equivalent in size. The use of image-guided adaptive brachytherapy allows achieving reasonably high doses in both groups.

Recurrence and progression in stage T1G3 bladder tumour with intravesical bacille Calmette‐Guérin (Danish 1331 strain)

Abstract: Objective To report recurrence and progression rates in patients with T1G3 superficial bladder carcinoma treated with intravesical bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG, Danish 1331 strain) after complete transurethral resection Patients and methods Data from the records of 111 patients with T1G3 bladder carcinoma treated between January 1991 and December 1999 were analysed for recurrence, progression, salvage therapy and survival Results Of the 111 patients with T1G3 bladder tumours, 69 had intravesical BCG therapy, 20 radical cystectomy and 22 only transurethral resection (TUR) Of the 69 patients receiving BCG therapy 37 (54%) had no recurrence, and 24 (35%) had a recurrence that was not muscle-invasive (Ta/T1) and were treated with TUR only The remaining eight (12%) progressed to muscle invasion and had salvage cystectomy During the follow-up six patients died, four from disease and three from other causes, while the remaining 63 are alive and well Of the other 42 patients, 15 are alive after radical cystectomy and 18 after TUR Conclusion This series further confirms the benefits of intravesical BCG (Danish 1331) in an adjuvant setting; furthermore, this treatment facilitates bladder preservation by reducing recurrences and delaying the progression in many patients

Evaluation of the radioprotective effect of turmeric extract and vitamin E in mice exposed to therapeutic dose of radioiodine

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective effect of turmeric extract (40 mg/kg body weight) and vitamin E (α- tocopherol acetate, 400 IU/kg body weight) supplementation on lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and antioxidant defense enzymes in various organs like liver, kidney and salivary glands at 24 h in adult Swiss mice. 131Iodine exposure significantly increased lipid peroxidation in kidney and salivary glands in comparison to control animals. Pre supplementation with turmeric extract for 15 days showed significant lowering of lipid peroxidation in kidney. On the other hand vitamin E pre supplementation showed marked reduction in lipid peroxidation in salivary glands. Reduced glutathione levels decreased significantly in liver after radiation exposure. However, pre supplementation with turmeric extract and vitamin E did not improve glutathione levels in liver. In conclusion, we have observed differential radioprotective effect of turmeric extract and vitamin E in kidney and salivary glands. However, Vitamin E seems to offer better radioprotection for salivary glands which is known to be the major site of cellular destruction after radioiodine therapy in patients.

Expression of enhancing factor/phospholipase A2 in skin results in abnormal epidermis and increased sensitivity to chemical carcinogenesis.

Abstract: Enhancing factor (EF), a growth factor modulator, is the mouse homologue of human secretory group II phospholipase A2. EF exhibits growth-promoting activity in vitro, in the presence of epidermal growth factor, and also brings about phenotypic transformation of normal cells. In order to ascertain the role of EF in vivo, a human keratin-14 promoter was used to drive the expression of EF ectopically to squamous epithelial cells. The founder mouse and its progeny showed abnormal whiskers and a scaly, beaded tail. In these mice, keratinization pattern of the epidermis was disturbed and parakeratosis and acanthosis were noted. The transgenic mice, TgK14-EF, expressed EF in the suprabasal layers of tail epidermis as well as in the epithelial cells of hair follicle and sebaceous glands of skin. Expression of EF along with hyperplasia was also observed in other squamous epithelia such as buccal mucosa, tongue and oesophagus. TgK14-EF mice homozygous for the transgene showed delayed and scanty hair growth although the mice were healthy and fertile. The hemizygous TgK14-EF mice were sensitive to a two-stage chemical carcinogenesis and developed a higher number of papillomas than their normal littermates over the course of the experiment. The conversion rate of papilloma to carcinoma was two fold higher in the transgenic mice.