Institution
University of Freiburg
Education•Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany•
About: University of Freiburg is a education organization based out in Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 41992 authors who have published 77296 publications receiving 2896269 citations. The organization is also known as: alberto-ludoviciana & Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg.
Topics: Population, Transplantation, Gene, Large Hadron Collider, Medicine
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: It is shown that loss of cIAPs promotes the spontaneous formation of an intracellular platform that activates either apoptosis or necroptosis and is argued that the Ripoptosome critically influences the outcome of membrane-bound receptor triggering.
799 citations
24 Apr 2000
TL;DR: A probabilistic approach for the coordination of multiple robots which, in contrast to previous approaches, simultaneously takes into account the costs of reaching a target point and the utility of target points.
Abstract: In this paper we consider the problem of exploring an unknown environment by a team of robots. As in single-robot exploration the goal is to minimize the overall exploration time. The key problem to be solved therefore is to choose appropriate target points for the individual robots so that they simultaneously explore different regions of their environment. We present a probabilistic approach for the coordination of multiple robots which, in contrast to previous approaches, simultaneously takes into account the costs of reaching a target point and the utility of target points. The utility of target points is given by the size of the unexplored area that a robot can cover with its sensors upon reaching a target position. Whenever a target point is assigned to a specific robot, the utility of the unexplored area visible from this target position is reduced for the other robots. This way, a team of multiple robots assigns different target points to the individual robots. The technique has been implemented and tested extensively in real-world experiments and simulation runs. The results given in this paper demonstrate that our coordination technique significantly reduces the exploration time compared to previous approaches.
798 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the contribution of street design, i.e. aspect ratio (or height-to-width ratio, H / W ) and solar orientation, towards the development of a comfortable microclimate at street level for pedestrians is discussed.
798 citations
Université Paris-Saclay1, Autonomous University of Barcelona2, University of Cambridge3, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health4, University of Bonn5, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases6, Harvard University7, University of Lausanne8, University of Padua9, National Research Council10, Heidelberg University11, Salk Institute for Biological Studies12, University of Minnesota13, Pasteur Institute14, Tel Aviv University15, Johns Hopkins University16, University of Portsmouth17, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven18, PSL Research University19, Trinity College, Dublin20, Baylor College of Medicine21, University College London22, University of Edinburgh23, Oregon Health & Science University24, National Institutes of Health25, Columbia University26, University of Copenhagen27, University of Rochester28, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich29, University of Málaga30, Tufts University31, University of Freiburg32, Utrecht University33, Nihon University34, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine35, University of California, Los Angeles36, University of Yamanashi37, New York University38, University of British Columbia39, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology40, University of Wisconsin-Madison41, University of California, San Francisco42, McGill University43, University of Kentucky44, Kyushu University45, University of Bordeaux46, Polytechnic Institute of Cávado and Ave47, University of Minho48, University of Alabama at Birmingham49, University of Gothenburg50, University of Poitiers51, Cajal Institute52, King's College London53, University of Strasbourg54, Virginia Tech55, University of Düsseldorf56, Russian Academy of Sciences57, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University58, University of Seville59, Georgia Institute of Technology60, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston61, University of California, San Diego62, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul63, University of Ljubljana64, Ikerbasque65, University of Manchester66
TL;DR: In this article, the authors point out the shortcomings of binary divisions of reactive astrocytes into good-vs-bad, neurotoxic vs-neuroprotective or A1-vs.A2.
Abstract: Reactive astrocytes are astrocytes undergoing morphological, molecular, and functional remodeling in response to injury, disease, or infection of the CNS. Although this remodeling was first described over a century ago, uncertainties and controversies remain regarding the contribution of reactive astrocytes to CNS diseases, repair, and aging. It is also unclear whether fixed categories of reactive astrocytes exist and, if so, how to identify them. We point out the shortcomings of binary divisions of reactive astrocytes into good-vs-bad, neurotoxic-vs-neuroprotective or A1-vs-A2. We advocate, instead, that research on reactive astrocytes include assessment of multiple molecular and functional parameters-preferably in vivo-plus multivariate statistics and determination of impact on pathological hallmarks in relevant models. These guidelines may spur the discovery of astrocyte-based biomarkers as well as astrocyte-targeting therapies that abrogate detrimental actions of reactive astrocytes, potentiate their neuro- and glioprotective actions, and restore or augment their homeostatic, modulatory, and defensive functions.
797 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that spinal interneurons release both glycine and GABA to activate functionally distinct receptors in their postsynaptic target cells.
Abstract: It is widely accepted that individual neurons in the central nervous system release only a single fast transmitter. The possibility of corelease of fast neurotransmitters was examined by making paired recordings from synaptically connected neurons in spinal cord slices. Unitary inhibitory postsynaptic currents generated at interneuron-motoneuron synapses consisted of a strychnine-sensitive, glycine receptor-mediated component and a bicuculline-sensitive, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor-mediated component. These results indicate that spinal interneurons release both glycine and GABA to activate functionally distinct receptors in their postsynaptic target cells. A subset of miniature synaptic currents also showed both components, consistent with corelease from individual synaptic vesicles.
796 citations
Authors
Showing all 42309 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mark Hallett | 186 | 1170 | 123741 |
| Tadamitsu Kishimoto | 181 | 1067 | 130860 |
| Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
| Si Xie | 148 | 1575 | 120243 |
| Kypros H. Nicolaides | 147 | 1302 | 87091 |
| Peter J. Schwartz | 147 | 647 | 107695 |
| Michael E. Phelps | 144 | 637 | 77797 |
| Martin Erdmann | 144 | 1562 | 100470 |
| Holger J. Schünemann | 141 | 810 | 113169 |
| Maksym Titov | 139 | 1573 | 128335 |
| Karl Jakobs | 138 | 1379 | 97670 |
| Annette Peters | 138 | 1114 | 101640 |
| Suman Bala Beri | 137 | 1608 | 104798 |
| Bert Sakmann | 137 | 283 | 90979 |
| Vipin Bhatnagar | 137 | 1756 | 104163 |