Institution
University of Freiburg
Education•Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany•
About: University of Freiburg is a education organization based out in Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 41992 authors who have published 77296 publications receiving 2896269 citations. The organization is also known as: alberto-ludoviciana & Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg.
Topics: Population, Transplantation, Gene, Large Hadron Collider, Medicine
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Goethe University Frankfurt1, University of Maryland, College Park2, University of Guelph3, Duke University4, Radboud University Nijmegen5, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences6, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul7, University of Alberta8, Royal Veterinary College9, Wildlife Conservation Society10, Mississippi State University11, Sao Paulo State University12, Michigan Department of Natural Resources13, University of California, Davis14, Aarhus University15, Max Planck Society16, University of Potsdam17, Middle Tennessee State University18, Mammal Research Institute19, Harvard University20, Edmund Mach Foundation21, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute22, University of Évora23, University of Montpellier24, Monash University25, Parks Victoria26, Ohio State University27, Fiji National University28, University of Massachusetts Amherst29, United States Geological Survey30, Save the Elephants31, University of Oxford32, German Primate Center33, Technische Universität München34, Institute of Ecosystem Studies35, University of British Columbia36, University of Zurich37, University of Wyoming38, University of Washington39, University of Montana40, Bavarian Forest National Park41, University of Freiburg42, University of Toulouse43, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna44, University College Cork45, North Carolina State University46, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences47, Karatina University48, University of Lethbridge49, Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory50, University of Valencia51, Stony Brook University52, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources53, University of Alicante54, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária55, University of Glasgow56, New York University57, University of Oslo58, Hebrew University of Jerusalem59, Norwegian University of Science and Technology60, Field Museum of Natural History61, University of Grenoble62, University of Bayreuth63, University of New South Wales64, Pennsylvania Game Commission65, Princeton University66, University of Konstanz67, University of Haifa68, Polish Academy of Sciences69, Instituto Superior de Agronomia70, University of Lisbon71, University of Porto72, University of California, Santa Cruz73, University of Pretoria74, Colorado State University75
TL;DR: Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, it is found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human footprint were on average one-half to one-third the extent of their movements in area with a low human footprint.
Abstract: Animal movement is fundamental for ecosystem functioning and species survival, yet the effects of the anthropogenic footprint on animal movements have not been estimated across species. Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, we found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human footprint were on average one-half to one-third the extent of their movements in areas with a low human footprint. We attribute this reduction to behavioral changes of individual animals and to the exclusion of species with long-range movements from areas with higher human impact. Global loss of vagility alters a key ecological trait of animals that affects not only population persistence but also ecosystem processes such as predator-prey interactions, nutrient cycling, and disease transmission.
719 citations
TL;DR: A large, unique database that includes morphologic, clinical, cytogenetic, and follow-up data from 2124 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) offers new insights into the prognostic significance of rare chromosomal abnormalities and specific karyotypic combinations in MDS.
718 citations
TL;DR: A photosynthetic organism is subjected to photo-oxidative stress when more light energy is absorbed than is used in photosynthesis, and changes of the mid-point potential of the primary quinone acceptor in Photosystem II modulate the pathway of charge recombination in photosystem II and influence the yield of singlet oxygen production.
Abstract: A photosynthetic organism is subjected to photo-oxidative stress when more light energy is absorbed than is used in photosynthesis. In the light, highly reactive singlet oxygen can be produced via triplet chlorophyll formation in the reaction centre of photosystem II and in the antenna system. In the antenna, triplet chlorophyll is produced directly by excited singlet chlorophyll, while in the reaction centre it is formed via charge recombination of the light-induced charge pair. Changes of the mid-point potential of the primary quinone acceptor in photosystem II modulate the pathway of charge recombination in photosystem II and influence the yield of singlet oxygen production. Singlet oxygen can be quenched by β-carotene, α-tocopherol or can react with the D1 protein of photosystem II as target. If not completely quenched, it can specifically trigger the up-regulation of the expression of genes which are involved in the molecular defence response of plants against photo-oxidative stress.
716 citations
TL;DR: The phenotype of human ICOS deficiency, which differs in key aspects from that of the ICOS−/− mouse, suggests a critical involvement of ICOS in T cell help for late B cell differentiation, class-switching and memory B cell generation.
Abstract: No genetic defect is known to cause common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), a heterogeneous human disorder leading to adult-onset panhypogammaglobulinemia. In a search for CVID candidate proteins, we found four of 32 patients to lack ICOS, the "inducible costimulator" on activated T cells, due to an inherited homozygous deletion in the ICOS gene. T cells from these individuals were normal with regard to subset distribution, activation, cytokine production and proliferation. In contrast, naive, switched and memory B cells were reduced. The phenotype of human ICOS deficiency, which differs in key aspects from that of the ICOS-/- mouse, suggests a critical involvement of ICOS in T cell help for late B cell differentiation, class-switching and memory B cell generation.
715 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that the category CF at 30 cm can be replaced by 0.014, using ETDRS or FrACT, and one can even reproducibly quantify VA in the HM-range, yielding a mean VA of 0.02.
Abstract: Purpose The visual acuity (VA) of patients with very low vision is classified using the semiquantitative scale "counting fingers" (CF), "hand motion" (HM), "light perception" (LP), and "no light perception." More quantitative measures would be desirable, especially for clinical studies. The results of clinical VA measurements, Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts, and the Freiburg Visual Acuity Test (FrACT) were compared. The FrACT is a computerized visual acuity test that can present very large Landolt C optotypes when necessary. Methods Examined were 100 eyes of 100 patients with various eye diseases (e.g., diabetic retinopathy, ARMD), covering a range of VAs from LP to decimal 0.32. The FrACT optotypes were presented on a 17-inch LCD monitor with random orientation. After extensive training, two ETDRS and FrACT measurements were obtained. The testing distance was 50 or 100 cm. Results ETDRS and FrACT coincided closely for VA > or = 0.02 (n = 80). ETDRS measures were successfully obtainable down to CF (at 30 cm; test-retest averaged over all patients, coefficient of variation [CV](ETDRS) = 9% +/- 8%), and FrACT provided reproducible measurements down to HM (test-retest CV(FrACT) =12% +/- 11%). For CF (n = 6), both ETDRS and FrACT resulted in a mean VA of 0.014 +/- 0.003 (range, 0.01-0.02). The VA results of FrACT for HM (n = 12) were 0.005 +/- 0.002 (range, 0.003-0.009); the individual values were highly reproducible. No results were obtainable for LP (n = 2). Conclusions The three acuity procedures concur above a VA of 0.02. The results suggest that the category CF at 30 cm can be replaced by 0.014, using ETDRS or FrACT. Using FrACT, one can even reproducibly quantify VA in the HM-range, yielding a mean VA of 0.005.
714 citations
Authors
Showing all 42309 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mark Hallett | 186 | 1170 | 123741 |
| Tadamitsu Kishimoto | 181 | 1067 | 130860 |
| Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
| Si Xie | 148 | 1575 | 120243 |
| Kypros H. Nicolaides | 147 | 1302 | 87091 |
| Peter J. Schwartz | 147 | 647 | 107695 |
| Michael E. Phelps | 144 | 637 | 77797 |
| Martin Erdmann | 144 | 1562 | 100470 |
| Holger J. Schünemann | 141 | 810 | 113169 |
| Maksym Titov | 139 | 1573 | 128335 |
| Karl Jakobs | 138 | 1379 | 97670 |
| Annette Peters | 138 | 1114 | 101640 |
| Suman Bala Beri | 137 | 1608 | 104798 |
| Bert Sakmann | 137 | 283 | 90979 |
| Vipin Bhatnagar | 137 | 1756 | 104163 |