Institution
Virginia Commonwealth University
Education•Richmond, Virginia, United States•
About: Virginia Commonwealth University is a education organization based out in Richmond, Virginia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 23822 authors who have published 49587 publications receiving 1787046 citations. The organization is also known as: VCU.
Topics: Population, Health care, Poison control, Medicine, Cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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David C. Whitcomb1, Jessica LaRusch1, Alyssa M. Krasinskas1, Lambertus Klei1 +198 more•Institutions (46)
TL;DR: Two associations at genome-wide significance identified and replicated at PRSS1-PRSS2 and X-linked CLDN2 are reported and could partially explain the high frequency of alcohol-related pancreatitis in men.
Abstract: Pancreatitis is a complex, progressively destructive inflammatory disorder. Alcohol was long thought to be the primary causative agent, but genetic contributions have been of interest since the discovery that rare PRSS1, CFTR and SPINK1 variants were associated with pancreatitis risk. We now report two associations at genome-wide significance identified and replicated at PRSS1-PRSS2 (P < 1 × 10(-12)) and X-linked CLDN2 (P < 1 × 10(-21)) through a two-stage genome-wide study (stage 1: 676 cases and 4,507 controls; stage 2: 910 cases and 4,170 controls). The PRSS1 variant likely affects disease susceptibility by altering expression of the primary trypsinogen gene. The CLDN2 risk allele is associated with atypical localization of claudin-2 in pancreatic acinar cells. The homozygous (or hemizygous in males) CLDN2 genotype confers the greatest risk, and its alleles interact with alcohol consumption to amplify risk. These results could partially explain the high frequency of alcohol-related pancreatitis in men (male hemizygote frequency is 0.26, whereas female homozygote frequency is 0.07).
298 citations
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TL;DR: The results suggest that stressful life events reflect more than random influences, which suggest that personal and social factors that predispose to life events are substantially influenced by an individual's genetic and family background.
Abstract: Objectives: To examine the role of genetic and familialenvironmental factors in the origin of stressful life events. Design: Self-report questionnaires describing stressful life events in the last year. Participants: Both members of 2315 twin pairs ascertained from the population-based Virginia Twin Registry. Results: Life events were modestly but significantly correlated in twin pairs, and correlations in monozygotic (MZ) twins consistently exceeded those in dizygotic (DZ) twins. For total life events, the best-fitting twin model indicated that familial-environmental and genetic factors each accounted for around 20% of the total variance. Individual life events could be best divided into "network events" (directly affecting individuals in the respondent's socialnetwork) where twin resemblance was due solely to the familial environment, and "personal" events (directly affecting the response) where most twin resemblance was the result of genetic factors. Conclusions: While neither genes nor familial environment is likely to directly produce life events, personal and social factors that predispose to life events are substantially influenced by an individual's genetic and family background. These results, which suggest that stressful life events reflect more than random influences, may have important implications for our understanding of the relationship between stressful life events and psychopathology.
298 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the transition planning process for students with disabilities preparing for postsecondary education is discussed, and self-determination is an important component of transition planning for students who are with disabilities.
Abstract: Although the literature is clear that self-determination is an important component of the transition planning process for students with disabilities preparing for postsecondary education, further s...
298 citations
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TL;DR: The statistical model suggests that the relationship between the probability of readmission and the HbA1c measurement depends on the primary diagnosis, and that the greater attention to diabetes reflected in Hb a1c determination may improve patient outcomes and lower cost of inpatient care.
Abstract: Management of hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients has a significant bearing on outcome, in terms of both morbidity and mortality. However, there are few national assessments of diabetes care during hospitalization which could serve as a baseline for change. This analysis of a large clinical database (74 million unique encounters corresponding to 17 million unique patients) was undertaken to provide such an assessment and to find future directions which might lead to improvements in patient safety. Almost 70,000 inpatient diabetes encounters were identified with sufficient detail for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to fit the relationship between the measurement of HbA1c and early readmission while controlling for covariates such as demographics, severity and type of the disease, and type of admission. Results show that the measurement of HbA1c was performed infrequently (18.4%) in the inpatient setting. The statistical model suggests that the relationship between the probability of readmission and the HbA1c measurement depends on the primary diagnosis. The data suggest further that the greater attention to diabetes reflected in HbA1c determination may improve patient outcomes and lower cost of inpatient care.
297 citations
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University of Michigan1, National Institutes of Health2, United States Department of Veterans Affairs3, University of Colorado Denver4, Virginia Commonwealth University5, University of Southern California6, University of Connecticut7, Saint Louis University8, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center9, University of California, Irvine10, Harvard University11, University of Washington12
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a predictive model of cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C based on standard laboratory tests, including platelet count, AST/ALT ratio, and INR.
297 citations
Authors
Showing all 24085 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Ronald C. Kessler | 274 | 1332 | 328983 |
Carlo M. Croce | 198 | 1135 | 189007 |
Nicholas G. Martin | 192 | 1770 | 161952 |
Michael Rutter | 188 | 676 | 151592 |
Kenneth S. Kendler | 177 | 1327 | 142251 |
Bernhard O. Palsson | 147 | 831 | 85051 |
Thomas J. Smith | 140 | 1775 | 113919 |
Ming T. Tsuang | 140 | 885 | 73865 |
Patrick F. Sullivan | 133 | 594 | 92298 |
Martin B. Keller | 131 | 541 | 65069 |
Michael E. Thase | 131 | 923 | 75995 |
Benjamin F. Cravatt | 131 | 666 | 61932 |
Jian Zhou | 128 | 3007 | 91402 |
Rena R. Wing | 128 | 649 | 67360 |
Linda R. Watkins | 127 | 519 | 56454 |